Several studies and assumptions support the advantages of presenting pictures before texts, such as the Sequencing Effects of Integrated Model of Text and Picture Comprehension (the Sequencing Effects of ITPC Model) and the Scaffolding Assumption. However, few studies have examined the efficacy of text-first or picture-first multimodal input on…

The present study examined the effects of multimedia enhancement in video form in addition to textual information on L2 vocabulary instruction for high-level, low-frequency English words among Korean learners of English. Although input-based incidental learning of L2 vocabulary through extensive reading has been conventionally believed to be…

Describes a workshop presentation that attempted to combine the theory and philosophy behind the production of modular units with the practical considerations faced by a teacher or material developer engaged in creating such a unit for himself. The workshop grew out of a project which developed materials for adult ESL. (Author/MES)

English is now the leading foreign language in Croatia. Within the framework of a general reform of the Yugoslavian education system, between 1972 and 1975, a particular attempt has been made to reform the ELT program in the four-year secondary-school cycle. One important distinction to be made was that of the differing needs of students in the…

This document is a working paper from Cyberstep, a 3-year project during which five literacy service innovators are collaborating to identify practices for educating English-as-a-second-language learners and adults functioning at low literacy levels, extend the use of technology to facilitate learning, and provide practical tools for educators.…