A central aim of this article is to reflect on the design and implementation of a bi/multilingual Bachelor of Education foundation phase programme offered at the University of Fort Hare from 2018. It reviews three major perspectives on bi/multilingualism: mother tongue-based bi/multilingual education, language and decoloniality, and…

Research in sub-Saharan Africa investigating the effect of mother tongue (MT) literacy instruction at medium scale is limited. A randomized controlled trial of MT literacy instruction was implemented in 2013 and 2014 as part of the Primary Math and Reading (PRIMR) Initiative in Kenya. We compare the effect of two treatment groups--the base PRIMR…

In 1966, the Singapore Government implemented the English-knowing bilingual policy which made it mandatory for all Chinese students to study English as a "First Language" and the Chinese language (CL) as a "Mother Tongue Language" in Singapore schools. Using key literature relevant to Singapore's bilingual educational policy…

Despite an increasing need for culturally relevant curricula, what is considered culturally responsive and how it is assessed is under-researched. The present study examined the perceived cultural responsiveness and effectiveness of an early intervention program designed to teach early language skills and expose students to Indigenous culture, the…

In 1985-86, the first year of a three-year funding cycle, Project PAN provided bilingual instruction in two New York City high schools, John Bowne and Newtown. The project reached 355 students of Chinese/Vietnamese, Korean, Pakistani, and Indian origin, most of whom had recently arrived in New York and were of limited English proficiency (LEP).…

The Eastern District High School bilingual-bicultural program served 367 Hispanic students in grades 9 through 12. Students received instruction in English as a Second Language and/or reading English, native language arts, math, science, and social studies. Students were mainstreamed for art, music, physical education, and health. Elective courses…

The Basic Trilingual Program at Flushing High School in Queens, New York City, provides instruction in English as a second language, native language arts instruction, and bilingual instruction in different content areas to Spanish speaking and Korean speaking high school students of limited English proficiency. The program is also involved in…

To expedite acquisition of English language skills needed for full mainstreaming, the Bilingual Basic Skills Program at South Bronx High School in New York City provided instruction in English as a second language and native language arts, and bilingual mathematics, science, and social studies for 370 Spanish speaking students of limited English…

The Louis D. Brandeis High School Bilingual Program provides English and Spanish language instruction, academic courses, and supportive services for Spanish speaking students of limited English proficiency. This report describes the program as it was implemented in 1980-81. The program description includes background and context; student…

The Secondary Chinese Bilingual Education Program, which operates at two high school sites in New York City, is designed to develop English language skills and provide academic and vocational instruction to Chinese speakinq students of limited English proficiency. This report describes the program as it was implemented in 1980-81. The program…

The Basic Trilingual Program at Flushing High School in New York City is described in this report. As implemented in 1980-1981, the program aimed to help 250 Spanish- and Korean-speaking high school students (grades 9 through twelve) to make the transition to English by adopting a comprehensive instructional approach consisting of intensive…

Project TRIUNFE is a bilingual instructional program that served approximately 260 students of Hispanic, Asian, and Haitian backgrounds during the 1983-84 school year at John Jay High School in New York City. It is a transitional program whose major goal is to mainstream students in less than two years. Most significant is its pioneering effort to…

This multi-site project, in its first year of funding, proposed to serve approximately 100 Hispanic students of limited ability in English and Spanish at two junior high schools in economically depressed areas of the Bronx. The project was planned to develop English language skills, to reinforce Spanish language skills, to offer counseling support…

Two adaptations of Success for All, a comprehensive instructional reform program for elementary schools, have been used with students acquiring English as a second language. One is a Spanish bilingual version called "Exito para Todos," in which students are taught to read in Spanish and then transitioned to English reading, usually in…

In its first year, Project Porvenir provided instructional and support services to Spanish-speaking students of limited English proficiency in bilingual and special education in four Bronx (New York) elementary schools. Project goals were to increase students' English language proficiency and develop native language skills, provide career…