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Direct linkMargreet Vogelzang; Ianthi Maria Tsimpli; Anusha Balasubramanian; Minati Panda; Suvarna Alladi; Abhigna Reddy; Lina Mukhopadhyay; Jeanine Treffers-Daller; Theodoros Marinis – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2025
In a highly multilingual country like India, challenges and opportunities arise in education and language policy. Although multilingualism is often associated with developmental advantages, Indian primary school children generally show low learning outcomes, specifically on literacy. Here we examine the influence of mother tongue education and…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Barriers, Language Planning, Language of Instruction
Aiping Zhao; Xuening Zhang; Ying Guo; Megan Schneider Dinnesen; Shuyan Sun; Yunqing Xu – Journal of Research in Reading, 2025
Background: Second language (L2) reading is a complex process in which two languages constantly interact. L1 reading and L2 proficiency are two well-acknowledged factors contributing to L2 reading comprehension. Other factors, such as strategy use and anxiety, might also predict L2 reading comprehension, but their roles have not been examined in…
Descriptors: High School Students, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Reading Skills
Kuperman, Victor; Siegelman, Noam; Schroeder, Sascha; Acartürk, Cengiz; Alexeeva, Svetlana; Amenta, Simona; Bertram, Raymond; Bonandrini, Rolando; Brysbaert, Marc; Chernova, Daria; Da Fonseca, Sara Maria; Dirix, Nicolas; Duyck, Wouter; Fella, Argyro; Frost, Ram; Gattei, Carolina A.; Kalaitzi, Areti; Lõo, Kaidi; Marelli, Marco; Nisbet, Kelly; Papadopoulos, Timothy C.; Protopapas, Athanassios; Savo, Satu; Shalom, Diego E.; Slioussar, Natalia; Stein, Roni; Sui, Longjiao; Taboh, Analí; Tønnesen, Veronica; Usal, Kerem Alp – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2023
Research into second language (L2) reading is an exponentially growing field. Yet, it still has a relatively short supply of comparable, ecologically valid data from readers representing a variety of first languages (L1). This article addresses this need by presenting a new data resource called "MECO L2" (Multilingual Eye Movements…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Eye Movements, Reading Skills, College Students
Download full textYuk-yin Kwok; Chun-kit Kwan – Anatolian Journal of Education, 2025
Word problems are a question type commonly seen in math tests and exams. Since word problems are an integral part in teaching and learning of mathematics in schools, understanding what factors that would affect students' ability to solve math word problems may help students understand where their weaknesses lie and help teachers adopt effective…
Descriptors: Word Problems (Mathematics), Problem Solving, Mathematics Instruction, Native Language
David Giguere; Erika Hoff – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2024
Extensive evidence indicates that early vocabulary skills predict later reading development among monolingually developing children. Some evidence suggests that a relationship between vocabulary and later reading also holds across languages among children whose home language differs from the school language. However, these findings have been mixed…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Vocabulary Development, Reading Comprehension, Spanish
Chanyuan Gu; Samuel A. Nastase; Zaid Zada; Ping Li – npj Science of Learning, 2025
While evidence has accumulated to support the argument of shared computational mechanisms underlying language comprehension between humans and large language models (LLMs), few studies have examined this argument beyond native-speaker populations. This study examines whether and how alignment between LLMs and human brains captures the homogeneity…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Jonathan M. Kittle; Steven J. Amendum; Christina M. Budde – Educational Psychology Review, 2024
The science of reading (SOR) refers to the sum of what we know about how people learn to read based on empirical studies across multiple disciplines. The purpose of this review was to identify research evidence to inform the SOR for multilingual learners (MLs). We reviewed 30 systematic reviews related to reading and reading instruction for MLs…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Reading, Literature Reviews, Learning Processes
Francy Lorena García; Edgar Willian Jurado Soto – HOW, 2024
Silent reading frequently entails engaging the "inner voice," a phenomenon in which individuals sub-vocally articulate words in their minds. This inner voice is understood to stem from the internalization process, wherein external verbal speech transitions into internal dialogue. However, the mechanisms through which foreign language…
Descriptors: Inner Speech (Subvocal), Speed Reading, Reading Rate, Reading Comprehension
Kim, Minkyung – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Adopting a cognitive perspective, this study examined roles of working memory capacity (WMC), first language (L1) syllogistic inferencing, and second language (L2) linguistic knowledge on literal and inferential understanding of L2 reading comprehension in adolescent L2 learners. Participants were 193 Korean ninth-grade learners of English. The…
Descriptors: Inferences, Reading Comprehension, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
Bongiwe Mtambo; Lindiwe Tshuma – Reading & Writing: Journal of the Literacy Association of South Africa, 2023
Background: According to the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS, 2006 with 87%, 2011 with 82%, 2016 with 78%, 2021 with 81%), an international reading comprehension assessment conducted at the Grade 4 level, South African learners perform very poorly in reading comprehension, even when reading in their African home languages.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Reading Comprehension
Shen, Ye; Coker, David L. – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
In the present study, we aimed to compare reading-writing relations between first-grade Native English Speakers (NESs) and English Language Learners (ELLs). Thirty-four ELLs and 35 NESs completed measures of receptive and expressive vocabulary, lexical-level reading (word reading) and writing (spelling), and discourse-level reading (reading…
Descriptors: Native Language, English Language Learners, Grade 1, Vocabulary
Daniil Gnetov; Victor Kuperman – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Research on first language (L1) reading has long since established the link between the proficiency of the reader and their efficiency in oculomotor control. More proficient readers make longer saccades and land closer to the word's center, which is a word's optimal viewing position, and make fewer refixations. Eye-tracking studies of second…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Eye Movements, Psychomotor Skills, Second Languages
Tong, Xiuhong; Kwan, Joyce Lok Yin; Xiuli Tong, Shelley; Deacon, S. Hélène – Reading Research Quarterly, 2022
Syntax, or sentence structure, plays a role in reading comprehension, but how students draw on their awareness of syntax in their reading remains unclear; the mechanism is even more ambiguous in bilingual students. In this study, we evaluated the direct and indirect contributions of syntactic awareness on first-language Chinese and second-language…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Native Language, Chinese, English (Second Language)
Brahim Outamgharte; Mohamed Yeou; Hicham Zyad – Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2025
With the growing interest in integrating information and communication technology in the EFL classroom, the present study investigated the impact of electronic first language (L1) translations and second language (L2) definition glosses on incidental vocabulary learning and retention among Moroccan EFL learners. In total, 172 first-year university…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Comparative Analysis
Takehiro Iizuka – ProQuest LLC, 2024
This study examined the significance of the mode of delivery--aural versus written--in second language (L2) vocabulary knowledge and L2 comprehension skills. One of the unique aspects of listening comprehension that sets it apart from reading comprehension is the mode of delivery--language input is delivered not visually but aurally. Somewhat…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Language Skills, Error of Measurement
