The present research was carried out to study the cognitive and metacognitive vocabulary learning strategies of 36 ESL learners'. Schmitt's Vocabulary Learning Strategies questionnaire was used to conduct the study. The study revealed the subsequent array of cognitive and metacognitive strategies employed by ESL learners. Additionally,…

The functioning of a vocabulary testing instrument rests in part on the test-taking actions made possible for examinees by item format, an aspect of test development that warrants consideration in second-language vocabulary research. For example, although iterations of the written receptive vocabulary levels test (VLT) have integrated improvements…

This study explores vocabulary assessment practices in Saudi Arabia's hybrid EFL ecosystem, leveraging platforms like Blackboard and Google Forms. The focus is on identifying prevalent test formats and evaluating their alignment with modern pedagogical goals. To classify vocabulary assessment formats in hybridized EFL contexts and recommend the…

This study aims to investigate (a) the perceptions of 8th grade Turkish EFL learners regarding the importance and use of L2 vocabulary learning strategies (VLS), (b) to find out the relationship between perceived importance level and application level of VLS and (c) to unearth the most and the least frequently applied VLS by EFL learners in their…

Vocabulary Learning Strategies and knowledge of affixes have long been considered to have influence on learners' vocabulary learning. However, how they relate to each other seems to have drawn little attention. This current study was intended to explore the frequency of vocabulary learning strategies used by Indonesian high school students, to…

Although an accurate measure of vocabulary size is integral to understanding the proficiency of language learners, the validity of multiple-choice (M/C) vocabulary tests to determine this has been questioned due to users guessing correct answers which inflates scores. In this paper the nature of guessing and partial knowledge used when taking the…

Though vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) have drawn continuous attention in SLA research in the past three decades, there remain many unanswered questions, many unknown caveats and many unexplored regions. Quite a few historical reviews of vocabulary learning strategies have been undertaken by researchers over the past years, tracing its growth…

The aim of this study is to identify Vocabulary Learning Strategies (VLS) that seem to be used more frequently by Saudi undergraduate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students and to discuss the sub-strategies amongst the main five strategies identified by Schmitt's (1997) taxonomy of VLS. The population sample of 94 undergraduates was selected…

The discussion of African languages as languages of learning and teaching can be traced back to the 1980s. To date, this discussion still continues and efforts to intellectualise African languages have been lax. Here, we present practical South African examples of higher education achievements in African languages that demonstrate the challenges…

As a number of researchers in Thailand have investigated the use of vocabulary learning strategies by Thai learners at all levels, it is now worth specifically looking at how undergraduates learn new vocabulary words since these learners are considered more mature and might have learned more strategies compared to those with lower levels of…

The impetus behind the design of this current research is to check the influence of cartoons on vocabulary learning strategies of students who have been exposed to three classics from English literature, "Treasure Island" by Robert Louis Stevenson, "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens, and "Romeo & Juliet" by…

Metadiscourse is a tool for writers to guide and interact with readers through texts. Yet in most student texts, one of the points lacking is the interaction between writers and readers. In this study, frequency and type of interactive and interactional metadiscourse features were explored via students' research-based essays based on Hyland's…

The ultimate goal of any academic program is to educate and bring up thoughtful citizens in societies. By "thoughtfulness" we mean paving the spectrum from simply applying the rules (lower order thinking) to finding proper solution to authentic novel problems (higher order thinking). It is helping the practitioners pave the continuum of…

This study aligns to the field of Lexical Semantics that employ Error Analysis (EA) approach. It is a descriptive study that employed sex-disaggregated data to analyze the formal and semantic lexical errors, as well as the sexist-oriented lexical errors of sixty (60) First Year students of Pangasinan State University-Lingayen Campus, enrolled in…

The present study aimed to profile the developmental patterns of discourse in second language (L2) writings among different first language (L1) groups. Applying the list of metadiscourse markers proposed by Ken Hyland to learner language, this study investigates variation of metadiscourse across proficiency levels, as well as across L1…