The study aimed to explore the evidence of first language (L1) mediation in second language (L2) word associations and the L2 learner-related factors affecting the extent of L1 mediation with the following approaches. First, different from previous research, word association tests (WATs) embraced both receptive and productive word associations in…

The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences among EFL diploma students in grammar based on an English achievement test. This study was motivated by the observed challenges Saudi students face with mastering grammar, a crucial element of English proficiency that forms the basis of all four aspects of language: listening, speaking,…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is considered a critical competence for lifelong learning that requires explicit instruction and consistent practice, especially for college students. Despite the abundant intervention studies on the role of SRL in students' academic performance in the Western world, very little is known in China in English as a…

Although an increasing amount of research has focussed on the relationship between student language proficiency and English-medium instruction (EMI) programme outcomes, there has been little focus on the broader assessment of progress and learning within EMI programmes, especially in Asia. The purpose of this study was to determine the kinds of…

The most frequent challenge stated as a barrier to the implementation of English Medium Instruction (EMI) is the lack of English proficiency among faculty members, who are typically not trained to linguistically structure their lectures before adopting EMI in a classroom context. Therefore, this study was aiming to determine the faculty members'…

Students act according to their beliefs and mindsets. Being aware of such individual differences can help L2 teachers make sound and evidence-based educational decisions. Having said this, the purpose of the current study was to explore the relationship among language mindset, language proficiency, and anxiety through a path analysis in an EFL…

This paper examines English's linguistic imperialism and the resulting widespread use of the language among speakers of various linguistic backgrounds. It challenges the mistaken belief that native speakers (NS) are inherently better at speaking English simply due to their birthplace. Despite the growing number of non-native speakers (NNSs),…

Attaining a high level of proficiency in speaking a second language (L2) is a formidable challenge, particularly in many English as a foreign language (EFL) settings, such as Taiwan. In such environments, students often encounter limited opportunities for English-speaking practice within formal classroom settings due to the prevalence of…

Purpose: Connected speech analysis has been effectively utilized for the diagnosis and disease monitoring of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Existing research has been conducted mostly in monolingual English speakers with a noticeable lack of evidence from bilinguals and non-English speakers, particularly in non-European languages.…

A frequently encountered security issue in writing tests is nonauthentic text submission: Test takers submit texts that are not their own but rather are copies of texts prepared by someone else. In this report, we propose AutoESD, a human-in-the-loop and automated system to detect nonauthentic texts for a large-scale writing tests, and report its…

Many users of social media from different countries and speaking different languages that use non-Latin orthography such as Arabic choose to transliterate their first name and surname in Romanized script, vis English. Due to the differences between the user's native language and English in vowels and consonants and how they are pronounced, some…

Despite the vast research on test anxiety and test performance since the 1950s, studies on how students' English test anxiety affects their English proficiency test performance in the context of second- and foreign language learning remain few. Therefore, using a quantitative research design, this study explored students' English test anxiety and…

The number of students embarking on a study abroad experience continues to grow steadily. A new setting for study abroad in English has developed recently where students may be studying in an environment where English is used as a lingua franca but is not an official language of the country. This setting is referred to as English as a lingua…

The use of subordination enables language users to achieve syntactic efficiency by allowing them to connect ideas in temporal/logical relation. Although the importance of subordination has been recognized in previous research on second language (L2) writing, it has been typically assessed with global indices that measure overall ratio of…

This article presents a qualitative study exploring how eleventh-grade EFL students in a Colombian private school construct their linguistic identities through discursive positioning practices. In the context of language standardization, students negotiate their identities amid tensions between institutional frameworks and actual discursive…