Employers pay higher starting wages to workers requiring less training, but do not give lower starting wages to workers requiring more training. Employers appear to pay most of the cost of and reap most of the returns to training. (SK)

Employment survey data show that, although training intensity in the first three months of employment is similar for men and women, women are employed in positions with shorter training and less capital. These differences and lower market valuation for women's work experience account for much of the wage gap. (SK)

Analysis of the younger cohort of the High School and Beyond study shows a positive effect on wages of first job when type of occupation is omitted. When type is included, nearly all effects on wages are associated with occupation and not with training or occupation related to training. (SK)

Overall, college graduates' earnings increased compared to high school graduates' in the 1980s. For men, skills acquired before college had not effect on the increase; for women, returns to math ability rose considerably. For men, the trend away from such subjects as education and toward engineering accounted for one-fourth of the rise in relative…

Data from a sample of 811 workers who received an undergraduate business degree were analyzed to determine the relationship between grade point average and subsequent earnings. A significant positive relationship was found, for women as well as men, and the relationship was evident for the first job after graduation as well as five years later.…