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Skinner, Cindy; Pauly, Rini; Skinner, Steven A.; Schroer, Richard J.; Simensen, Richard J.; Taylor, Harold A.; Friez, Michael J.; DuPont, Barbara R.; Stevenson, Roger E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
The course of 187 individuals ages 3-21 years with Autistic Disorder was traced through a period of 20 years (enrollment: 1995-1998, follow up: 2014-2019). Specific genetic and environmental causes were identified in only a minority. Intellectual disability coexisted in 84%. Few became independent with 99% living at home with relatives, in…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Longitudinal Studies, Etiology
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Kim, Bora; Ha, Mina; Kim, Young Shin; Koh, Yun-Joo; Dong, Shan; Kwon, Ho-Jang; Kim, Young-Suk; Lim, Myung-Ho; Paik, Ki-Chung; Yoo, Seung-Jin; Kim, Hosanna; Hong, Patricia S.; Sanders, Stephan J.; Leventhal, Bennett L. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2021
Genetics, environment, and their interactions impact autism spectrum disorder etiology. Smoking is a suspected autism spectrum disorder risk factor due to biological plausibility and high prevalence. Using two large epidemiological samples, we examined whether autism spectrum disorder was associated with prenatal paternal smoking in a Discovery…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Pregnancy, Genetics, Environmental Influences
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Neufeld, Janina; Hederos Eriksson, Lisa; Hammarsten, Richard; Lundin Remnélius, Karl; Tillmann, Julian; Isaksson, Johan; Bölte, Sven – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2021
Atypical sensory processing is prevalent across neurodevelopmental conditions and a key diagnostic criterion of autism spectrum disorder. It may have cascading effects on the development of adaptive functions. However, its unique contribution to adaptive functioning and the genetic/environmental influences on this link are unclear. In a clinically…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Perceptual Impairments, Twins
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Neufeld, Janina; Taylor, Mark J.; Lundin Remnélius, Karl; Isaksson, Johan; Lichtenstein, Paul; Bölte, Sven – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2021
Autism spectrum disorder is associated with sensory processing alterations, such as sensory hyper- and hypo-responsiveness. Twin studies are scarce in this field, but they are necessary in order to disentangle the genetic and environmental contributions to this association. Furthermore, it is unclear how different neurodevelopmental/psychiatric…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Twins, Perceptual Impairments
Caplan, Barbara; Blacher, Jan; Eisenhower, Abbey; Baker, Bruce L.; Lee, Steve S. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Emerging research suggests that caregiving environments and genetic variants independently contribute to social functioning in children with typical development or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, biologically plausible interactive models and complimentary assessment of mechanisms are needed to: (1) explain considerable social…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Child Development, Young Children
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Hall, Layla; Kelley, Elizabeth – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2014
Autism spectrum disorder is a grouping of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and language, as well as by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. While the environment is believed to play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorder, there is now strong evidence for a genetic link to autism.…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Neurological Impairments
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Myers, Lynnea; van't Westeinde, Annelies; Kuja-Halkola, Ralf; Tammimies, Kristiina; Bölte, Sven – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
The second to fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is of interest in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies on the relationship of this ratio with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are lacking. Investigating the association between the ratio and NDDs in twins can provide insight into genetic and/or environmental factors driving the ratio. Hand…
Descriptors: Twins, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Correlation
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Wang, Bo; Cao, Futao; Boyland, Joyce Tang – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019
English language readers rarely get glimpses of the state of autism research in China. Given the seriousness of autism, the population of China, and the potential for theoretically interesting cross-cultural insights, we provide a broad survey of research carried out in China on childhood autism. Four themes are considered: etiology, diagnosis,…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Cross Cultural Studies, Etiology
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Swanson, Meghan R.; Shen, Mark D.; Wolff, Jason J.; Boyd, Brian; Clements, Mark; Rehg, James; Elison, Jed T.; Paterson, Sarah; Parish-Morris, Julia; Chappell, J. Chad; Hazlett, Heather C.; Emerson, Robert W.; Botteron, Kelly; Pandey, Juhi; Schultz, Robert T.; Dager, Stephen R.; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Estes, Annette M.; Piven, Joseph – Child Development, 2018
Children's early language environments are related to later development. Little is known about this association in siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who often experience language delays or have ASD. Fifty-nine 9-month-old infants at high or low familial risk for ASD contributed full-day in-home language recordings.…
Descriptors: Infants, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Environmental Influences
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Tassone, Flora; Choudhary, Nimrah S.; Tassone, Federica; Durbin-Johnson, Blythe; Hansen, Robin; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva; Pessah, Isaac – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neuro-developmental disorder characterized by intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Expansion of a CGG trinucleotide repeat (greater than 200 repeats) in the 5'UTR of the fragile X mental retardation gene, is the single most prevalent cause of cognitive disabilities. Several screening studies…
Descriptors: Autism, Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, At Risk Persons
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Hu, Valerie W. – Child Development, 2013
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders that affect an estimated 1 in 110 individuals. Although there is a strong genetic component associated with these disorders, this review focuses on the multifactorial nature of ASD and how different genome-wide (genomic) approaches contribute to our understanding of autism.…
Descriptors: Genetics, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Children
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Tsai, Hsiao-Wei Joy; Cebula, Katie; Fletcher-Watson, Sue – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
The influence of the broader autism phenotype (BAP) on the adjustment of siblings of children with autism has previously been researched mainly in Western cultures. The present research evaluated a diathesis-stress model of sibling adjustment using a questionnaire study including 80 and 75 mother-typically developing sibling dyads in Taiwan and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetics
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McCanlies, Erin C.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Sanderson, Wayne T.; Charles, Luenda E.; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Both self-report and industrial hygienist (IH) assessed parental occupational information were used in this pilot study in which 174 families (93 children with ASD and 81 unaffected children) enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment study participated. IH results indicated exposures to lacquer, varnish, and xylene…
Descriptors: Parents, Genetics, Autism, Etiology
Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, 2020
Each year, the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) releases a list of scientific advances that represent significant progress in the field. The "2019 IACC Summary of Advances" provides short, plain language summaries of the top research breakthroughs selected by the IACC from a pool of research articles nominated by the…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Clinical Diagnosis, Predictor Variables
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Siniscalco, Dario; Sapone, Anna; Giordano, Catia; Cirillo, Alessandra; de Novellis, Vito; de Magistris, Laura; Rossi, Francesco; Fasano, Alessio; Maione, Sabatino; Antonucci, Nicola – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are heterogeneous complex neuro-developmental disorders characterized by dysfunctions in social interaction and communication skills. Their pathogenesis has been linked to interactions between genes and environmental factors. Consistent with the evidence of certain similarities between immune cells and…
Descriptors: Autism, Pathology, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Neurological Impairments
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