The use of the term "monitoring" in the literature is reviewed, making a distinction between (1) regulatory and descriptive monitoring and (2) among source, ambient, and effects monitoring. Descriptive monitoring is examined in detail, including a model (research, problem, action) and a role-playing exercise. (DC)

Reviewed are the production and endorsement of the National Conservation Strategy for Australia and its subsequent progress. The discussion focuses on the actual and potential roles of the commonwealth government, state and territorial governments, and nongovernmental organizations in implementing the strategy. (CW)

Provides an overview of China's environmental pollution management by discussing: China's Environmental Protection Organization; laws and regulations; environmental protection program; education and manpower training; and research into environmental pollution problems. (The author provided technical assistance to China's environmental pollution…

Examines the nature of conservation controversies in Australia, reviewing this country's existing environmental policies, legislation, and planning procedures. Also identifies specific weaknesses in federal conservation policies and natural resource management and offers possible strategies, tactics, and guidelines for future environmental…

Discusses responsibilities of continuing and higher education institutions for environmental management. Outlines one possible alternative to the British Standard BS7750 Specification for Environmental Management Systems, namely the Confederation of British Industry Environment Initiative. Also outlines the approach taken by the University of…

Presents a case study of a heavy oil project proposed by Esso Resources Canada Limited at Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada. Focuses on the approval process, environmental and social impact assessments, and public participation. Evaluates the case and makes recommendations concerning the approval process. (DC)

Explores questions regarding cooperation versus competition, long- or short-term planning, and issues of economics and policy formation through a discussion of game theory. Contains 25 references. (Author/PVD)