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Flora Woltran – Policy Futures in Education, 2025
The Austrian education policy employs a segregated model of language support, ostensibly to provide equitable opportunities for language learners. Prior research has demonstrated that this model has not fully achieved its objective of equalizing opportunities, as students persistently confront many academic and socio-emotional challenges. To gain…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, German, Educational Policy, Educational Legislation
Huenergarde, Morgan C.; Floyd, Randy G.; Harris, Bryn – Bilingual Research Journal, 2023
Schools are encountering a unique problem regarding how to best accommodate the increasing number of active bilingual learners/users of English (ABLE) students on state achievement tests. Previously, states used disability focused rather than language responsive accommodations for these students. The current study employed double-coding procedures…
Descriptors: Testing Accommodations, Bilingual Students, English Language Learners, English (Second Language)
Erin Fell – Foreign Language Annals, 2024
Louisiana is currently the only state in the United States that requires foreign language (FL) study for some, but not all of their high school students, and these requirements are undergoing seismic changes. Considering that "geographic," "economic," and "integration" factors contribute to whether a school can…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, High School Students, State Policy
Chang-Bacon, Chris K.; Colomer, Soria E. – Journal of Literacy Research, 2022
A majority of U.S. states have established a "Seal of Biliteracy" (SoBL) to recognize students' multilingualism. Primarily under the purview of bilingual and world language education, the field of literacy research has remained largely silent on these seals. Yet, the authority these seals grant to state institutions for credentialing…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Multilingualism, Multiple Literacies, State Policy
Soto-Boykin, Xigrid; Brea-Spahn, María Rosa; Perez, Shakira; McKennac, Meaghan – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2023
Purpose: The purpose of this review article is to conduct a critical analysis of state-level policies focusing on the provision of speech-language therapy and special education to children and youth who are racialized emergent bilinguals (REBs) suspected or labeled as dis/abled. Method: We analyzed the state-level policies focusing on…
Descriptors: State Policy, Speech Therapy, Special Education, Access to Education
Jacob Hofstetter; Margie McHugh – Migration Policy Institute, 2023
One in every six adults in the United States is an immigrant. These immigrant adults contribute to the vitality of local communities and economies across the country, but many also face barriers to integration and economic mobility, including limited English proficiency, varied levels of formal education, and persistent employment in low-wage…
Descriptors: Immigrants, Adult Education, Equal Education, Job Skills
RTI International, 2024
Adult education programs play a critical role in preparing immigrants and New Americans (multilingual learners) for employment by building English language skills and supporting workforce preparation and training. Addressing multilingual learners' economic integration needs, one of the three pillars of immigrant integration, along with civic and…
Descriptors: Labor Force Development, Adult Education, Adult Literacy, Federal Legislation
Cabral, Brian – Race, Ethnicity and Education, 2023
Language assessments are often framed as benign mechanisms needed to objectively classify people's linguistic proficiencies. In this article, I argue for the need to critically re-examine how purportedly objective institutional language assessments and our participation in them deceptively reify historical and contemporary inequities. I offer the…
Descriptors: Correlation, Language Tests, Access to Education, Educational Opportunities
Callahan, Rebecca; Gautsch, Leslie; Hopkins, Megan; Carmen Unda, Maria Del – Educational Policy, 2022
With the 2015 passage of the "Every Student Succeeds Act" (ESSA), the oversight of language policy in U.S. schools shifted from federal to state governance. Although the education of students officially designated as English learners (ELs) has historically been grounded in federal law, we argue that ELs' educational experiences are also…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, English Language Learners, Immigrants, Social Attitudes
Mills, Tammy; Villegas, Ana Maria; Cochran-Smith, Marilyn – Teacher Education Quarterly, 2020
Despite an increasing number of English-language learners (ELLs) in U.S. schools and a trend toward placing them in mainstream classrooms, relatively little attention has been paid to synthesizing and appraising the extant research on how future mainstream teachers are prepared to teach this student population. To shed light on this topic, the…
Descriptors: Student Diversity, English Language Learners, Teacher Competencies, Teacher Education Programs
Villegas, Leslie; Garcia, Amaya – New America, 2021
English learners (ELs) represent a growing share of the student population in the United States, yet are often sidelined in federal education policy discussions. At present, an uneven approach has yielded sharp differences in ELs' educational experiences, with some states prioritizing bilingual education models and others emphasizing…
Descriptors: Public Policy, Educational Policy, English Language Learners, State Policy
Liu, Kristin K.; Wolforth, Sara; Thurlow, Martha L.; Jacques, Catherine; Lazarus, Sheryl S.; August, Diane – National Center on Educational Outcomes, 2021
Determining whether an English learner with significant cognitive disabilities should participate in an alternate English language proficiency (alt-ELP) assessment is a challenge for Individualized Education Program teams. Although some states provide guidelines for making the decision, many do not. The purpose of this resource is to provide…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Intellectual Disability, Language Tests, Language Proficiency
Brezicha, Kristina F. – Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2022
This comparative case study examines the policies of two new immigrant destinations in the United States and Canada that in the past 20 years experienced a rapid influx of immigrants. Using an integrated framework of policy design theory and the context of reception, this paper analyzes the framing of immigrant students in the state, district, and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Immigrants, Students, Immigration
Acar, Serra; Blasco, Patricia M. – Young Exceptional Children, 2018
The Part C of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA, 2011) supports service delivery that recognizes cultural and linguistic diversity, which often involves the use of interpreters and translators, §303.321(a)(5) and 303.321(a)(6). Therefore, it is essential that early intervention/early childhood special education…
Descriptors: Translation, Early Intervention, Special Education, Guidelines
Katie A. Bernstein; Lindsey Brown; Yalda M. Kaveh; Brandon Yuhas; Sepide Pazhouhi – Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 2025
Language education policy in Arizona has been on a rollercoaster over the last five years. Between 2019 and 2024, the state shifted from strict English-only enforcement to loosening restrictions and encouraging dual language approaches, then back to strict English-only enforcement. In this forum piece, we use approaches from critical discourse…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, State Policy, Superintendents, English Only Movement