Background: Transgender children are known to face a wide range of barriers, difficulties and injustices at school. Few studies have focused on the educational experiences of trans pupils who socially transition at or before primary school, with no such studies in the UK. Aims: To learn about the at-school experiences of transgender children who…

Whilst in the past three decades Taiwan has developed a powerful policy and legal framework to protect and support Indigenous rights and development, culminating in the establishment of the Historical Justice and Transitional Justice Committee, Indigenous peoples are still the most disadvantaged, marginalised, and vulnerable group in the country.…

Background/Context: In the 1973 "Rodriguez" decision, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution does not guarantee a substantive federal right to education. So far, this holding has not been adequately contextualized with many other statements the Court has made concerning the nature of education in the constitutional order. For…

Children with disabilities or specialized healthcare needs were legally excluded from U.S. public education for decades, but in the last 45 years, they have gained tremendous ground in receiving comparable educational opportunities as their non-disabled peers. The purpose of this article is to provide a historical review of the educational laws…

Approximately 19 percent of undergraduate students in the United States identify as having a disability, yet postsecondary institutions often lack the legal infrastructure necessary to support their academic success. National data show that only 49.6 percent of disabled students graduate from four-year institutions, compared to 68.1 percent of…

This study examines the United States Supreme Court's use of social science research in Fourteenth Amendment race-based discrimination cases in professional and graduate school admissions. It discusses how the Court uses (or does not use) social science research in its interpretation of "equal protection" and "discrimination"…

Since the separate-but-equal era, students attending schools with high concentrations of Black students have attempted to improve the quality of their educations through school finance litigation. Because of the negative effects of racial isolation, Black students might consider mounting school finance litigation to force states to explicitly…

Raising academic standards and eliminating achievement gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged students are America's prime national educational goals. Current federal and state policies, however, largely ignore the fact that the childhood poverty rate in the United States is 21%, the highest in the industrialized world, and that poverty…

A scale was constructed measuring beliefs about equal rights for men and women. The scale had high internal reliability. Scale scores were significantly related to subject, sex, age, and ethnic group in the directions predicted. Further, the scale discriminated involvement in a women's rights organization. (Author/JKS)

Because educational equity is a developing area, courts have little precedent to guide rulings. Extra-legal evidence may help in deciding what the law is. Social science evidence is also invited by the courts because educational equity law is purportedly an instrument of social change. The sophistication of social science research, as well as the…

The meaning of the breakthrough Serrano decision on property taxes and events that have followed. (Author)

It is concluded that equality of endowment is a myth and that equality of opportunity presents a more realistic ideal to follow. (Author/KM)

Some of the key problems of educational equality -- equality of opportunities and inequality of performance; individual differences vs. group differences, coping with group inequality -- are made explicit. (Author/KM)

This document presents the hearings before the subcommittee on equal opportunities of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-Third Congress. Hearings concern the Women's Educational Equity Act. It is the purpose of this Act, in order to provide educational equity for women in this country, to encourage the…

This document presents the hearings before the Subcommittee on Education of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate, Ninety-third Congress. Hearings concern the Women's Educational Equity Act of 1973. The Act enables the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to make grants to conduct special educational programs and…