For equating tests that measure several distinct proficiencies, procedures that reflect the multidimensional structure of the data are needed. Although there exist a few equating procedures developed under the multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) framework, there is a need for further research in this area. Therefore, the primary…

Educational assessment tests are designed to measure the same psychological constructs over extended periods. This feature is important considering that test results are often used for admittance to university programs. To ensure fair assessments, especially for those whose results weigh heavily in selection decisions, it is necessary to collect…

Vertical scaling is used to put tests of different difficulty onto a common metric. The Rasch model is often used to perform vertical scaling, despite its strict functional form. Few, if any, studies have examined anchor item choice when using the Rasch model to vertically scale data that do not fit the model. The purpose of this study was to…

This study evaluated test-equating methods to enable comparisons and conversions between the vertical jump (VJ) and standing long jump (SLJ) tests. A total of 528 youth (280 males) performed VJ and SLJ, and their scores were randomly split as the calibration (C) sample (n = 478) and cross-validation (CV) sample (n = 50). SLJ scores of the C sample…

This article explores the amount of equating error at a passing score when equating scores from exams with small samples sizes. This article focuses on equating using classical test theory methods of Tucker linear, Levine linear, frequency estimation, and chained equipercentile equating. Both simulation and real data studies were used in the…

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chance success on test equalization. For this purpose, artificially generated 500 and 1000 sample size data sets were synchronized using linear equalization and equal percentage equalization methods. In the data which were produced as a simulative, a total of four cases were created with no…

The purpose of the current article is to introduce the equating and evaluation methods used in this special issue. Although a comprehensive review of all existing models and methodologies would be impractical given the format, a brief introduction to some of the more popular models will be provided. A brief discussion of the conditions required…

In recent years, the interest in measuring growth in student ability in various subjects between different grades in school has increased. Therefore, good precision in the estimated growth is of importance. This paper aims to compare estimation methods and test designs when it comes to precision and bias of the estimated growth of mean ability…

Scoring constructed-response items can be highly difficult, time-consuming, and costly in practice. Improvements in computer technology have enabled automated scoring of constructed-response items. However, the application of automated scoring without an investigation of test equating can lead to serious problems. The goal of this study was to…

For passage-based tests, items that belong to a common passage often violate the local independence assumption of unidimensional item response theory (UIRT). In this case, ignoring local item dependence (LID) and estimating item parameters using a UIRT model could be problematic because doing so might result in inaccurate parameter estimates,…

This article reviews several software programs designed to conduct item response theory (IRT) scale linking and equating. The programs reviewed include IRTEQ, STUIRT, and POLYEQUATE. Features and functionalities of each program are discussed and an example analysis using the common-item non-equivalent groups design in IRTEQ is provided.

In order to investigate the influence of separation of grade distributions and ratio of common items on the precision of vertical scaling, this simulation study chooses common item design and first grade as base grade. There are four grades with 1,000 students each to take part in a test which has 100 items. Monte Carlo simulation method is used…

This study addresses equating issues with varying sample sizes using the Rasch model by examining how sample size affects the stability of item calibrations and person ability estimates. A resampling design was used to create 9 sample size conditions (200, 100, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, and 20), each replicated 10 times. Items were recalibrated…

Score equity assessment (SEA) refers to an examination of population invariance of equating across two or more subpopulations of test examinees. Previous SEA studies have shown that score equity may be present for examinees scoring at particular test score ranges but absent for examinees scoring at other score ranges. No studies to date have…

The aim of the current research was to provide recommendations to facilitate the development and use of anchoring vignettes (AVs) for cross-cultural comparisons in education. Study 1 identified six factors leading to order violations and ties in AV responses based on cognitive interviews with 15-year-old students. The factors were categorized into…