Describes a measurement lab that introduces measurement and presents a simple example of how to use error analysis with an obvious illustration of its value. The experiment measures the diameters of pinhole images of the sun and uses them to calculate the heights of the leafy canopy that created the images. (JRH)

Presents and analyzes an example from the literature on genetics studies in order to highlight the difficulties in classifying biological materials and the personal equation that finds its way into the measurement. (JRH)

A distinction is made between estimation and checking, and an analysis of standard errors made on calculators when pupils are checking answers is given. (MP)

This activity makes students a part of an investigation that determines the frequency of a particular plant variety in a simulated population. Provides an opportunity for students to observe the inherent variability of estimates, observe the relationship between sample size and sampling error, and consider aspects of research design. (Author/SAH)

Argues against a rule-based, algorithmic approach to measurement in introductory chemistry courses. Describes a learning activity that leads students to understand the need for rules and the application of those rules in measurement. (DDR)

Expands upon the concepts of precision and accuracy at a level suitable for general chemistry. Serves as a bridge to the more extensive treatments in analytical chemistry textbooks and the advanced literature on error analysis. Contains 22 references. (DDR)

Shares examples of reports of uncertainties that exceed the guideline of one or two significant figures. Points out that scientists should take great care in deciding on the appropriate form for reporting their results. (DDR)

Presents an exercise that gives students a real feeling for experimental errors and demonstrates the importance of frequent repetition and averaging. (JRH)

Illustrates the utility of nonreactive measures with preschool children in a variety of contexts. Offers a rationale for using nonreactive and observational tests and interview measures. Discusses four types of nonreactive measures and their limitations. (Author/BB)

Outlines the simple exercise of measuring the length of an object as a concrete paradigm of the entire process of making chemical measurements and treating the resulting data. Discusses the procedure, significant figures, measurement error, spurious data, rejection of results, precision and accuracy, and student responses. (TW)

Describes two simple methods of error analysis: (1) combining errors in the measured quantities; and (2) calculating the error or uncertainty in the slope of a straight-line graph. Discusses significance of the error in the comparison of experimental results with some known value. (MDH)

This is the third module in a four-module training package for use in inservice seminars or workshops on performance appraisal and employee development. Module 3 focuses on the actual performance review process. The first part outlines requirements for constructing objective, workable employee development plans, in particular factors resulting in…