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Using an EM Covariance Matrix to Estimate Structural Equation Models with Missing Data: Choosing an Adjusted Sample Size to Improve the Accuracy of Inferences
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Enders, Craig K.; Peugh, James L. – Structural Equation Modeling, 2004
Two methods, direct maximum likelihood (ML) and the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, can be used to obtain ML parameter estimates for structural equation models with missing data (MD). Although the 2 methods frequently produce identical parameter estimates, it may be easier to satisfy missing at random assumptions using EM. However, no…
Descriptors: Inferences, Structural Equation Models, Factor Analysis, Error of Measurement
In Search of Golden Rules: Comment on Hypothesis-Testing Approaches to Setting Cutoff Values for Fit Indexes and Dangers in Overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) Findings
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Marsh, Herbert W.; Hau, Kit-Tai; Wen, Zhonglin – Structural Equation Modeling, 2004
Goodness-of-fit (GOF) indexes provide "rules of thumb"?recommended cutoff values for assessing fit in structural equation modeling. Hu and Bentler (1999) proposed a more rigorous approach to evaluating decision rules based on GOF indexes and, on this basis, proposed new and more stringent cutoff values for many indexes. This article discusses…
Descriptors: Statistical Significance, Structural Equation Models, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Research