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Martin, Michael O.; Mullis, Ina V. S. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2019
International large-scale assessments of student achievement such as International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Program for International…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Mathematics Tests, Science Achievement
Harris, Chester W.; And Others – 1977
The implications of a mathematical model of test scores are explored where the data are limited to a random sample of items without replacement from an indefinitely large population or item domain in which items are scored either zero or one. The purpose is to obtain an unbiased estimate of a student's proportion of items correct in the item…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Annotated Bibliographies, Bibliographies
Haladyna, Tom – 1976
The existence of criterion-referenced (CR) measurement is questioned in this paper. Despite beliefs that differences exist between two alternative forms of measurement, CR and Norm Referenced (NR), an analysis of philosophical and psychological descriptions of measurement, as well as a growing number of empirical studies, reveal that the common…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Achievement Tests, Career Development, Comparative Analysis