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Breno B. Silva; Katarzyna Kutylowska; Agnieszka Otwinowska – Language Teaching Research, 2024
The involvement load hypothesis (ILH), which predicts the lexical learning potential of tasks, assumes that writing sentences (SW) and compositions (CW) using novel target words (TWs) lead to similar lexical gains. However, research on the issue is scarce and contradictory. One possibility is that the higher cognitive load of CW hinders learning…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Writing Assignments, Writing (Composition)
Lee, Jooyoung – Language Teaching Research, 2021
Many international students in American universities are required to take writing courses in English as a second language (ESL) before participating in a mainstream first-year composition (FYC) course. Given that the goal of ESL writing course is to prepare students for FYC course, the connection between ESL and FYC courses is significant. This…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)