Measurements of internal ethnic identity and external ethnic identity show that Chinese American immigrants could be differentiated into different identity groups. Internal ethnic identity significantly predicted salience of ethnicity and loss of face. Income, ethnicity salience, external ethnic identity, and loss of face were significant…

Focuses on the rationale, essential principles, and constructs of counseling families from diverse cultures and the implications for professional counselors and other mental health service providers. Specific recommendations for incorporating cultural sensitivity, knowledge of cultures, and culturally relevant counseling skills are made. (Author)