Over the years, as states have sought to incorporate more inclusive and relevant academic standards and curriculum for K-12 students, they have interpreted ethnic studies in both broad and narrow terms. While most states use the term ethnic studies to describe their efforts to incorporate the knowledge and perspectives of traditionally excluded…

As a way to increase student engagement and encourage students to connect to their learning, some states have begun efforts to incorporate ethnic studies into state content standards. Ethnic studies standards focus on the "knowledge and perspectives of an ethnic or racial group, reflecting narratives and points of view rooted in that group's…

Developed as part of an ethnic heritage studies program, this historical narrative of Italian Americans can enhance cultural awareness. This document presents the story of Italians beginning with cultural roots in Italy and their subsequent emigration to the United States, including to South Bend, Indiana. Four major areas are explored. An account…

Developed as part of an ethnic heritage studies program, this document provides an historical narrative of Polish Americans in South Bend, Indiana. The document presents background information, beginning with the dating of Polish national existence in 966 when King Mieszko converted to Christianity. Emigrating to America for economic reasons, many…

An ethnographic project to develop a model for an ethnic studies program based on community education, community involvement, and a study of community history is described. The project took place in New Harmony, Indiana, a town of 600-700 persons with a strong European heritage, especially German. Part of the project staff was selected from the…

Developed as part of an ethnic heritage studies program, this historical narrative of Hungarian Americans in South Bend, Indiana, is intended to increase cultural awareness and appreciation. The document is divided into three sections. Section I offers a brief history of Hungary and describes the background of the three emigrant groups; lower…

The booklet provides instructions for five Romanian folk dances. The dances include: the "Hora," one of the oldest, most widely known dances; the "Invirtita" and the "Hategana," Transylvanian celebration dances; the "Sirba," popular in all regions of Romania; and the "Caluserul" (the "Leaping…

Developed as part of an ethnic heritage studies program, this historical narrative of Mexican Americans in South Bend, Indiana, is intended to increase cultural awareness of minority groups. The document opens with historical background information beginning in 1877 during the presidency of Porfirio Diaz of Mexico. The narrative follows migration…

A resource guide suitable for secondary level for teaching about Romanian Americans and their contributions is presented. Following two essays which describe the country of Romania and the story of Romanian Americans in Lake County, Indiana, four sections trace the development of the Romanian community. Section I discusses the history and causes…

Twelve Romanian immigrant ballads with musical scores, Romanian lyrics, and English translations are presented. Following a description of early 20th Century Romanian immigrants in Lake County, Indiana, a pronunciation guide, descriptions of the ballads, and suggestions for classroom use are provided. English titles include "Lament from…

In this book Professor Davis illustrates the often unexpected reach of historical research intended originally to fill a knowledge gap. He found a forgotten figure from the past who as a scholar and teacher had contributed significantly to education. Manuel's story warranted attention, but in reconstructing it Professor Davis discovered leads to a…

Developed as part of an ethnic heritage studies program, the guide lists community cultural and ethnic resources in South Bend, Indiana. Resources include individuals willing to talk about their cultural heritage, ethnic organizations, churches, radio programs, holidays, and restaurants. The guide also includes annotated bibliographies relating to…