This investigation of French mercantilist initiatives and policies in the seventeenth century focuses on the attempts of Colbert, the controller general of finance to Louis XIV, to stimulate French trade with the Baltic by establishing a Company of the North. (RM)

St. Thomas Aquinas's account of the nature of the soul and its relation to the body is discussed, and objections this account must overcome if it is to be acceptable are examined. (RM)

This case study traces the life of a London immigrant, John Lambarde, from his days as an apprentice to his success as a wealthy freeman, particularly in the early Tudor period. The financial records of the Lambardes were used to compile the case study. (RM)

Presents an analysis of the three periods of active interest in the German Peasant Revolt of 1524-26. Interpretive issues in the writings from the periods immediately surrounding the event, the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and after 1960 are considered. (AM)

Richard Wagner was probably the most influential musician of the 19th century. However, his image as an alleged intellectual-spiritual forerunner of national socialism through his music and prose works fosters aversion among critics. Whether Wagner's complicacy of art and ideology has had any lasting consequence on his reputation is discussed. (RM)

The author demonstrates how historians themselves can create myths. Emphasis is placed on mythical divisions in European history created by historians. The need for a broader concept of Europe is outlined. (DE)

Many sources describing Thomas More's life mention his second wife Alice very little, and scholars who do mention her usually do so in an unflattering way. Reasons why are examined. There is much that can be said about Alice that is flattering. Alice's positive traits are discussed. (RM)

The views of the French political leader Marcel Deat are examined to determine whether he was a fascist by conviction or a fascist by the force of circumstances created by World War II. It is shown that by 1934 Deat had clearly adopted a stance best described as national socialist. (RM)

Through a series of events in German-controlled Alsace, e.g., a Prussian military commander insulted Alsatian civilians and the French flag, the fundamental question of civilian-military relations in both Alsace-Lorraine and Germany itself was brought to the fore. How the situation was handled is discussed. (RM)

Selection from Abelard's hymns are used to illustrate his theological positions on the trinity and theory of atonement. (AM)

Discusses the historical significance of Leonora de Guzman--longtime mistress of Alfonso IX--in the political developments of fourteenth century Castilian Spain. The events leading up to her execution are examined. (AM)

An examination of how St. Thomas Aquinas makes use of science in his theological works provides an understanding of the relations of medieval science and the Christian theology of the Middle Ages. Two issues are examined: the problem of the nature and existence of God and the question of the eternity of the world. (RM)

Examines how the concept of justness influenced the conduct of wars in the early Middle Ages. The author offers a new interpretation of Gregory of Tours' perspective on war as found in his "Historia Francorum." (AM)

The authors examine how European hopes for a renewal of the Christian world through a return to an Earthly Paradise influenced their colonization of the new world. (Author/DE)

The evolution of diplomatic practices during the early Middle Ages is discussed. Research suggests that some techniques and methods began much earlier than most historians have assumed. Diplomatic efforts of Otto the Great, king of Germany, 936-973, and Holy Roman Emperor, 962-973, were studied. (RM)