Time is often an accommodation used to ensure equity during assessments. The assumption is that the provision of additional time would help learners who require accommodations. In this study we examined 29 learners of differing spatial ability on visual learning tasks using static and dynamic digital images. The performance and time required to…

When administering an in-class exam, a common decision that confronts every instructor is whether the exam format should be closed book or open book. The present review synthesizes research examining the effect of administering closed-book or open-book assessments on long-term learning. Although the overall effect of assessment format on learning…

Scoring high-dimensional assessments (e.g., > 15 traits) can be a challenging task. This paper introduces the multilabel neural network (MNN) as a scoring method for high-dimensional assessments. Additionally, it demonstrates how MNN can score the same test responses to maximize different performance metrics, such as accuracy, recall, or…