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Köhler, Carmen; Pohl, Steffi; Carstensen, Claus H. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2015
When competence tests are administered, subjects frequently omit items. These missing responses pose a threat to correctly estimating the proficiency level. Newer model-based approaches aim to take nonignorable missing data processes into account by incorporating a latent missing propensity into the measurement model. Two assumptions are typically…
Descriptors: Competence, Tests, Evaluation Methods, Adults
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Jackle, Robert; Himmler, Oliver – Journal of Human Resources, 2010
This paper complements previous studies on the effects of health on wages by addressing the problems of unobserved heterogeneity, sample selection, and endogeneity in one comprehensive framework. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), we find the health variable to suffer from measurement error and a number of tests provide…
Descriptors: Wages, Measurement, Error of Measurement, Computation
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Gomez, Sofia Valdivielso – Convergence, 2005
Traditionally women have been signified to be "for others", never for themselves. This conceptualisation is also present in the discourses about literacy. The traditional discourse justifies women's literacy based on the need to improve family health, well-being, educational access, and so on. Thus, it is seen as a tool for other ends…
Descriptors: Sex Role, Sex Fairness, History, Females