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Download full textSpalding, Audrey – Mackinac Center for Public Policy, 2013
The Michigan Context and Performance Report Card measures school performance by adjusting standardized test scores to account for student background. Comparing schools using unadjusted test scores ignores the significant relationship between academic performance and student socioeconomic background--a dynamic outside a school's control. The…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Regression (Statistics), Achievement Rating, Comparative Analysis
Mihaly, Kata; McCaffery, Daniel; Sass, Tim R.; Lockwood, J. R. – National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research, 2012
In this paper we consider the challenges involved in evaluating teacher preparation programs when controlling for school contextual bias. Including school fixed effects in the achievement models used to estimate preparation program effects controls for school environment by relying on differences among student outcomes within the same schools to…
Descriptors: Teacher Certification, Educational Environment, Preservice Teacher Education, Educational Quality
