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Kim, ShinWoo; Murphy, Gregory L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Barsalou (1985) argued that exemplars that serve category goals become more typical category members. Although this claim has received support, we investigated (a) whether categories have a single ideal, as negatively valenced categories (e.g., cigarette) often have conflicting goals, and (b) whether ideal items are in fact typical, as they often…
Descriptors: Classification, Investigations, Evaluation Methods, Experiments
Pothos, Emmanuel M.; Bailey, Todd M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Naive observers typically perceive some groupings for a set of stimuli as more intuitive than others. The problem of predicting category intuitiveness has been historically considered the remit of models of unsupervised categorization. In contrast, this article develops a measure of category intuitiveness from one of the most widely supported…
Descriptors: Classification, Intuition, Mathematical Models, Prediction
Rehder, Bob; Kim, ShinWoo – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
Research has documented two effects of interfeature causal knowledge on classification. A "causal status effect" occurs when features that are causes are more important to category membership than their effects. A "coherence effect" occurs when combinations of features that are consistent with causal laws provide additional…
Descriptors: Classification, Probability, Experiments, Experimental Psychology
Maddox, W. Todd; Filoteo, J. Vincent; Lauritzen, J. Scott – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2007
A test of the predicted interaction between within-category discontinuity and verbal rule complexity on information-integration and rule-based category learning was conducted. Within-category discontinuity adversely affected information-integration category learning but not rule-based category learning. Model-based analyses suggested that some…
Descriptors: Classification, Predictor Variables, Interaction, Decision Making Skills
Brown, Alan S.; Zoccoli, Sandy L.; Leahy, Matthew M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2005
In 3 experiments the authors examined changes in successive exemplar generation percentages within categories defined semantically (e.g., fruit-P, fruit-A, fruit-M) and by 1st letter (e.g., insect-C, sport-C, car-C), with a mixed control condition (e.g., fruit-P, insect-C, disease-M). Retrieval success declined across 12 successive items in both…
Descriptors: Semantics, Alphabets, Inhibition, Classification
Jones, Matt; Love, Bradley C.; Maddox, W. Todd – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
Accounts of learning and generalization typically focus on factors related to lasting changes in representation (i.e., long-term memory). The authors present evidence that shorter term effects also play a critical role in determining performance and that these recency effects can be subdivided into perceptual and decisional components.…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Perception, Classification, Short Term Memory