Background/Context: Funders, researchers and developers share an interest in applying rapid cycle evaluation techniques in education (McNall & Foster-Fishman, 2007; Resch, 2016). Both rapid-cycle and other evaluation processes require monitoring the quality of implementation (Moir, 2018). By quickly monitoring and adjusting implementation,…

Over the past several years, Louisiana educators have taken the charge to raise expectations and educational outcomes for its students, believing students are smart, capable, and deserve opportunities to become productive members of a global society. Through a clear alignment of standards, curriculum, and assessments, students have stepped up to…

Over the past several years, Louisiana educators have taken the charge to raise expectations and educational outcomes for its students, believing students are smart, capable, and deserve opportunities to become productive members of a global society. Through a clear alignment of standards, curriculum, and assessments, students have stepped up to…

How many students repeat a grade each year? How do retention rates vary across states and over time? Despite extensive research on the predictors and consequences of grade retention, there is no systematic way to quantify state-level retention rates; even national estimates rely on imperfect proxy measures. We present a conceptually simple…