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Download full textBrown, Keith C. – 1973
Competitive bidding has recently received considerable attention in the literature of economics and operations research. Unfortunately, the classic formulation of the problem developed by Friedman and still expounded (Stark and Mayer) can lead to an incorrect estimate of the expected profit for a bidder when uncertainty about the cost of…
Descriptors: Bids, Cost Effectiveness, Costs, Evaluation Methods
Brown, Keith C. – 1972
Estimating the probability that a proposed bid will win is obviously a central problem in competitive bidding theory. Unfortunately, a method for doing this, which originated with Friedman and which continues to be expounded in the literature, is logically incorrect. This paper points out the deficiency in that formulation. (Author/MLF)
Descriptors: Bids, Cost Effectiveness, Costs, Evaluation Methods
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. – 1987
This evaluation of the leadership and decision making of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the General Services Administration (GSA) in managing the federal government's telecommunications determined that both agencies need to engage in sufficient planning and analysis to determine which telecommunications systems should be centrally…
Descriptors: Agency Cooperation, Cooperative Planning, Costs, Evaluation Methods
Cameron, Bernard J.; And Others – 1971
The limits, function and procedures of operational evaluation are described. Operational evaluation can only begin once a project activity is underway. Its function is diagnostic but not prescriptive. Basic tasks include specifying objectives, defining criteria, establishing priorities, identifying cost factors, obtaining or developing measurement…
Descriptors: Costs, Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Methods, Measurement Instruments
Conley, David T.; Rooney, Kathryn C. – Educational Policy Improvement Center (NJ1), 2007
The goal of this study was to determine the level of educational expenditure necessary to make ample provision for the education of all students, providing all students with the skills to meet long-term academic standards, pursue additional learning beyond high school, and become productive citizens and contributing members of society. This study…
Descriptors: Evidence, Expenditures, Expenditure per Student, Intervention
National Association of College and University Business Officers (NJ1), 2002
In 1998, the National Commission on the Cost of Higher Education issued a report calling on the nation's colleges and universities to increase their public accountability and to develop better consumer information about costs and prices. In response, the staff of the National Association of College and University Business Officers began to…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Study, Accountability, Paying for College, Costs
