The majority of empirical studies on performance appraisal (PA) systems focus on the search for the perfect form in which subjective traits are replaced by objective and job-relevant, measurable behaviors. Organizations using a PA system to evaluate their employees struggle with issues of implementation, adaptation, and linkage with other human…

This discussion of goal setting as a means of directing organizational, supervisory, and individual achievement presents the factors involved in goal-based planning at these three levels within the library context, including planning strategies, evaluation methods, and possible problems at each level. (CLB)