When children are aged around 2 years, many of the early foundations of mathematical skills are developing. Understanding this is important to shed light on theories of mathematical development. Nevertheless, little research has investigated 2-year-olds' early mathematical abilities, with most research focussing on either infants (aged 0-1 years)…

Scoring mathematics exam papers accurately is vital for fostering students' engagement and interest in the subject. Incorrect scoring practices can erode motivation and lead to the development of false self-confidence. Therefore, the implementation of appropriate scoring methods is essential for the success of mathematics education. This study…

A critical aspect of the development of culturally relevant classroom assessments is the design of tasks that affirm students' racial and ethnic identities and community cultural practices. This paper describes the process we followed to build a shared understanding of what culturally relevant assessments are, to pursue ways of bringing more…

Two previous studies mapping university mathematics students' summative assessment diet in the UK revealed a clear picture. In general, there was a dominance of closed book examinations with a strong relationship to departmental league table position. The decade since then has seen many changes in higher education in the UK, particularly in the…

Assessment is often used to promote learning, but the mechanisms of how assessment relates to epistemology -- knowledge and knowing -- have been scarcely studied and theorised. In this study, we examine students' epistemic resources in relation assessment in the context of university mathematics education. We draw on the theoretical framework of…

Creating assessment questions aligned to standards is a time-consuming task for teachers, but large language models such as ChatGPT can help. Bryan Drost & Char Shryock describe a three-step process for using ChatGPT to create assessments: 1) Ask ChatGPT to break standards into measurable targets. 2) Determine how much time to spend on each…

We present our analysis of 254 Calculus I final exams from U.S. colleges and universities to identify features of assessment items that necessitate qualitatively distinct ways of understanding and reasoning. We explore salient features of exemplary tasks from our data set to reveal distinctions between exam items made apparent by our analytical…

Recent research has demonstrated an intersectional approach to the study of differential item functioning (DIF). This approach expands DIF to account for the interactions between what have traditionally been treated as separate grouping variables. In this paper, we compare traditional and intersectional DIF analyses using data from a state testing…

Rangahau Matauranga o Aotearoa / New Zealand Council for Educational Research (NZCER) is refreshing the PAT mathematics assessments. As the owners and administrators of PATs and strong proponents of Te Tiriti o Waitangi, NZCER has a responsibility to ensure our assessments evolve and reflect the unique context of Aotearoa New Zealand. The…

Educators rely on a conglomeration of assessment instruments to appraise, measure, monitor, and document evidence of students' academic readiness, learning progressions, acquisition of interdisciplinary knowledge, and extensive educational needs. The Mississippi Academic Assessment Program for Mathematics (MAAP-M) and the i-Ready Assessment…

The object of research is a statistics exam that contains problem tasks. One examiner performed two exam evaluation methods to repeatedly evaluate the exam. The goal was to compare the methods for objectivity. One of the two exam evaluation methods we call a serial evaluation method. The serial evaluation method assumes evaluation of all exam…

During the COVID pandemic, universities around the globe had to move not only their content delivery online, but also their assessments. Due to COVID causing significant upheaval in Higher Education (HE), this enforced experiment also afforded an opportunity to reflect on traditional, invigilated, closed book exams (ICBE) resulting in research and…

Providing evidence that can inform awarding is an important application of Comparative Judgement (CJ) methods in high-stakes qualifications. The process of marking scripts is not changed, but CJ methods can assist in the maintenance of standards from one series to another by informing decisions about where to place grade boundaries or cut scores.…

Big Ideas in school mathematics can be seen as overarching concepts that occur in various mathematical topics in a syllabus. For teachers, this knowledge can be used to help students develop a better understanding of mathematics by making visible the central ideas, and connection across topics and across levels. For students, this knowledge can…

As assessments move towards computerized testing and making continuous testing available the need for rapid assembly of forms is increasing. The objective of this study was to investigate variability in assembled forms through the lens of first- and second-order equity properties of equating, by examining three factors and their interactions. Two…