This document contains four papers from a symposium on work analysis and expertise. "A Taxonomy of Employee Development: Toward an Organizational Culture of Expertise" (Ronald L. Jacobs) includes five categories of employee competence: novice, specialist, experienced specialist, expert, and master. "An Integrated Needs…

The process of conducting a task analysis is one of determining exactly and in greatest detail what people do when they perform a certain job, or what they need to know when they enter a certain course of study. A task analysis is sometimes, but not always, preceded by a needs assessment to identify discrepancies between training or educational…

The Air Force Occupational Measurement Center conducts task-based occupational surveys of Air Force specialties that include supervisor ratings on recommended training emphasis for entry-level airmen. Priorities are input to the Instructional System Development training model, which guides the development and revision of specialty training…

Intended to assist the criminal justice administrator in his/her analysis of how dollars are being spent for training, this monograph summarizes current thinking regarding training needs analysis. Chapter 1 briefly covers the purposes of needs assessment, the short versus long range perspectives, and job analysis. In chapter 2 some questions…

As an introduction to the Program Evaluation Kit, this handbook serves as a general guide for the evaluator and provides a directory to the rest of the series (TM 008 703-710). Chapter 1 discusses the critical issues in program evaluation. Chapter 2 describes the diversified job of the evaluator. Chapters 3 through 5 contain step-by-step guides…

The handbook was developed as part of a 2-year grant which developed a rural transition model for handicapped students. It provides special education personnel with suggested guidelines for transitioning handicapped students into post-secondary employment and independent living environments. Part I provides an introduction to the transitional…

A project was conducted to plan and conduct a one-day workshop to assist counselors in providing vocational guidance to disadvantaged students. The objectives of the workshop, which was held by the Department of Vocational Education of the University of Pittsburgh, were as follows: to generate awareness of new and emerging occupations and…

Written mainly for the training practitioner who has some experience in the field, this book provides a practical approach for constructing good self-directed learning (SDL) programs. Chapter 1 considers SDL from the academic and business points of view, develops a working definition, and examines SDL's strengths and weaknesses. Part 1 covers…

The key issues, alternatives, and implications for developing countries to consider when designing systems to define occupational standards, related training standards, and assessments were analyzed. The analysis focused on the following issues: the rationale for development of standards; clarification of definitions, terminology, and assumptions;…

This book presents detailed guidelines for conducting structured on-the-job training (S-OJT), which is training based on the premise that OJT can be structured and planned so as to produce more predictable and reliable training outcomes. Together, the book's 15 chapters systematically examine the topics of meeting the demand for employee…

This document, the fourth volume in a series, details a process for linking vocational education and training (VET) standards and employment requirements that was developed in the United Kingdom and based on functional analysis. The introductory sections describe the other three manuals in the series and the process used to develop this manual.…