A crucial need for a comprehensive understanding and assessment of mobile learning readiness exists in light of most adult learners' lack of preparedness for mobile learning. This study developed a seven-factor mobile learning readiness construct and crafted a 26-item scale integrating the Technology Acceptance Model, Unified Theory of Acceptance…

Educational and psychological research often involves comparing motivation across groups. It is critical to ensure that observed differences in motivation are true variations by group, not due to measurement biases. With a diverse sample of undergraduate students (N = 2200), this study measured internal consistency and gathered validity evidence…

This study investigated the factor structure of the Perceived Costs of Studying Abroad Instrument (PCoSAI), as adapted from the expectancy-value-cost model instrument, with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) from 1 independent sample of students enrolled in a College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (CASNR) at Oklahoma State…

This study aimed to obtain a measurement tool in Turkish culture to determine the motivation of university students (pre-service teachers) toward STEM based on the expectancy-value theory. For this purpose, the validity and reliability studies of the Turkish version of the STEM Value-Expectancy Assessment Scale developed by Appianing and Van Eck…

Students must be sufficiently motivated in order to achieve the intended learning outcomes of their college courses. Research in education and psychology has found motivation to be context-dependent. Therefore, students' motivation is likely to differ from one semester to the next according to which courses students are taking. However, there are…