Since the late 1970s, the access services librarian or equivalent position has become commonplace in academic libraries, and degreed professionals have been sought for these positions since the beginning. In 2009, David McCaslin, California Institute of Technology, examined the place of access services in American Library Association-accredited…

Schooling's concern with certification and age segregation distinguish it from educational work. Considering education as a special form of work allows for a broader interpretation of appropriate educational settings in viewing educational work as a lifelong process allowing people of all ages to be involved in significant work experiences. (AF)

The educational performance of 690 14 and 15 year old dropout prone students given limited labor market experience was evaluated in a mationwide study. The students worked 28 hours per week during the 1971-72 school year, which was found to be excessive. Working increased grade point averages up to a point, after which favorable impact declined or…