The interplay of institutional reform efforts and the role of external actors (public officials and agencies, private sector entities) have brought about changes in teacher education programs, e.g., fifth-year program innovations. A naturalistic case study approach was used to investigate structural and substantive changes in four extended teacher…

Four case studies of institutions which have made innovations in teacher education are presented in this paper. The four institutions are the University of New Hampshire (Durham), Austin College (Texas), the University of Florida (Gainesville), and Northeast Missouri State University (Kirksville). In each of the programs, change is visible at two…