Small farms and small farmers are a growing sector of the agricultural economy nationwide. Notably, small farms are influenced by similar antagonists to the success of their business as large, concentrated operations, but they experience it differently. The purpose of this study was to describe small farms and farmers in North Dakota to assist…

We present the results of a longitudinal evaluation of the Western Region 4-H Institute, a 5-day training program designed to enhance the skill sets of early-career Extension professionals organized around the 4-H professional research, knowledge, and competencies model. Programs such as this often are assessed for their short-term relevance and…

Corn clubs played an important role in improving agriculture at the turn of the 20th century. Corn clubs were local organizations consisting of boys who cultivated corn on one acre of land under the supervision of a local club leader. The purpose of this historical research study was to document the organization, operation, and outcomes of corn…

This paper reviews guidelines of the Cooperative Extension Service, as set forth in Smith-Lever Act of 1924. It discusses the early educational program, examines the efforts of the present program, pointing out weaknesses and methodology, and sets forth objectives for future program efforts. (NF)

The land-grant universities, through Cooperative Extension Services, have performed the most important university outreach function in America. The Smith-Lever Act of 1914 stated that the function of Cooperative Extension was to provide practical instruction in subjects related to agriculture and home economics. Subsequent amendments to the Act…

Discusses various factors/activities to be considered in developing effective extension programs: consider multiple inputs to the planning process (including the needs of the people at the grass-roots level and legislative action), design a program considering these diverse factors, and implement the program in such a way that the clientele have…

A survey of the poor in three western Oregon Counties indicated that rural poverty is heterogeneous and people in poverty have a variety of needs. Some implications of this survey for Extension programing are identified. (Author/SA)

This paper outlines the concept of "program" and one set of elements that are considered to make up the program planning process in agricultural extension, and an example of practical program planning in Rhodesia is given. Although there is a wide variety of meanings attached to the term "program" in adult education, it has…

Guidelines and procedures which Texas Agricultural Extension Service personnel may use in working with local people in planning and carrying out county programs are provided in this handbook. The program building process is based on the philosophy that people have both the desire and ability to plan and carry out educational programs. The handbook…

This document presents the program roles and relationships of county extension professionals, extension program assistants, program aides, volunteer program aides, and volunteer helpers in the Arkansas Special Youth Project. For each of these capacities, specific duties are outlined showing how each relates to disadvantaged youth and to the…

PAPERS BY 11 EXTENSION EDUCATORS DISCUSS CRITERIA AND STANDARDS IN VISUAL ARTS EDUCATION, THE SCOPE AND NATURE OF ART EXTENSION PROGRAMS, TRAINING PROCEDURES AND STANDARDS FOR EDUCATORS, TOPICS CALLING FOR RESEARCH (READINESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT, METHODOLOGY, PROGRAM EVALUATION, AND ADULT CHARACTERISTICS AS MANIFESTED IN ART ACTIVITIES),…

The national survey results present the perceptions of extension professionals viewing 4-H programs from a State level as they relate to the following survey goals: (1) to determine extent of current State 4-H programs, level of participation, methods or approaches being used, and plans for future programs for children under nine, (2) to collect…

This study traces non credit adult activities at the University of Georgia from its beginning in 1801 to 1968. The specific purpose was to determine whether events which compose the major developments merely reflected national happenings or whether the local developments influenced national happenings. The study identifies documents,…

The Texas Agricultural Extension Service (TAEX) Literacy Initiative has three major components: literacy awareness, cooperation and coordination with other state agencies and organizations, and programmatic responses. During 1991, the TAEX Literacy Initiative addressed the literacy awareness component through these activities: writing a research…

The purpose of the workshop was to evaluate efforts by the Cooperative Extension Service to provide educational services to the small farmer (one who markets less than $20,000 worth of products a year), to exchange ideas on small farm management, and to recommend program directions for the future. Experts in various farm management areas…