This bulletin explains some of the visual characteristics of children and youth, examines critically the vision screening tests used in some schools, and explains the problems resulting from their use. Chapters deal in turn with vision and visual characteristics, the professional eye examination, visual screening tests, problems in referrals from…

In 73 children (6-13 years old) with reading difficulty, ophthalmological evaluation showed that 18 had overt refractive errors, 18 dyslexia and no ocular anomalies, and 37 impaired fusional amplitudes, 24 of whom were dyslexic. In all Ss with poor fusional amplitudes the reading mechanism could be improved with orthoptic exercises. (Author/CL)

The examination of a child for strabismus (misalignment of the eyes) and treatment if the condition is present are described. General considerations when evaluating need of surgery are presented. Steps in the ophthalmologic examination are discussed, including such tests as extraocular muscle function and traction testing and studies of eye…

The article reports on a Michigan program for the screening of preschool children for visual defects. The development of the modified Snellen E for testing young children is described; other test procedures are outlined. Charts illustrate the growth of the program over a 12-year period. (PHR)

A new test designed to detect an hereditary eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is described. This condition is revealed by pigmentation in the retina, but early diagnosis is difficult because the symptoms are subtle, and since it is genetically recessive it frequently occurs in families with no history of early blindness. In many cases…

Author discusses initial and subsequent screening and some of the problems involved. (Author/SP)

Describes an experiment revealing a visual latency effect produced by the wearing of sunglasses. (SL)

Intended for teachers of deaf-blind and severely handicapped students as well as for resource or itinerant teachers in the area of vision who have recently begun to serve low functioning students, the manual provides information on vision and on vision assessment. The manual serves three functions. It: (1) prepares teachers for participation in…

Discusses issues related to possible health hazards associated with viewing video display terminals. Includes some findings of the 1979 NIOSH report on Potential Hazards of Video Display Terminals indicating level of radiation emitted is low and providing recommendations related to glare and back pain/muscular fatigue problems. (JN)

The study assesses the impact of a visual screening effort using the Ophthalmetron (a device which permits rapid screening for refractive error) on 550 kindergarten through eighth-grade students. Findings showed that only 38 percent of those children referred to an ophthalmologist actually went. (PHR)

In this report, vision screenings conducted by large metropolitan area schools are reviewed. Data were generated by 10 participating schools in five school districts who responded to five research questions: (1) Do you do vision screening? (2) What do you test for? (3) Who conducts the vision screening in your school? (4) What grade levels are…

Eye diseases of the aged include diabetic retinopathy, senile cataracts, senile macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Environmental modifications such as better levels of illumination and reduction of glare can enhance an individual's ability to function. Programs to screen and treat visual problems in elderly persons are called for. (Author/JDD)

A study involving 18 hyperkinetic children (from 3- to 12-years old) was conducted to test the hypothesis that hyperactive children manifest the same type of hypermotility in their eyes as in the rest of their body. Ss were observed under a series of test conditions (including manual problem solving) which elicit short and long periods of…