American Educational Research Association (AERA) standards stipulate that researchers show evidence of the internal structure of instruments. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is one structural equation modeling procedure designed to assess construct validity of assessments that has broad applicability for counselors interested in instrument…

Study uses confirmatory factor analysis to assess four models of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale (HPRS) and attempts to provide psychometric information about the subscales. Results found inadequate fit for Hong's four orthogonal models but sufficient fit for two nonorthogonal models. (Contains 29 references and 3 tables.) (GCP)

Employed confirmatory and exploratory factor analytic methods to test the hypothesis that Spielberger's revised four-factor model of anxiety was valid for characterizing the anxiety of Blacks. Administered the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to 182 Black adults. Confirmed the state-trait assertion, but not the four-factor model of anxiety-present…