Item response theory "dual" models (DMs) in which both items and individuals are viewed as sources of differential measurement error so far have been proposed only for unidimensional measures. This article proposes two multidimensional extensions of existing DMs: the M-DTCRM (dual Thurstonian continuous response model), intended for…

There has been some research in the use of propensity scores in the context of measurement error in the confounding variables; one recommended method is to generate estimates of the mis-measured covariate using a latent variable model, and to use those estimates (i.e., factor scores) in place of the covariate. I describe a simulation study…

Student responses to a large number of constructed response items in three Math and three Reading tests were scored on two occasions using three ways of assigning raters: single reader scoring, a different reader for each response (item-specific), and three readers each scoring a rater item block (RIB) containing approximately one-third of a…