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ERIC Number: EJ1469109
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025
Pages: 17
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1536-6367
EISSN: EISSN-1536-6359
Available Date: 0000-00-00
Examining the Wording Effect: What Are We Measuring?
Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, v23 n2 p172-188 2025
In this study, the extent to wording effects impact structure and factor loadings, internal consistency and measurement invariance was outlined. The modified form, which includes items that semantically reversed, explains %21.5 more variance than the original form. Also, reversed items' factor loadings are higher. As a result of CFA, indexes obtained from modified form are better. Measurement invariance is not ensured at any step, which is a significant finding. These findings point to two forms measure different structures. Despite the quite high internal consistency coefficients obtained from both forms, the reliabilities in the modified form are statistically significantly higher than the original form. Although there are many opinions in the literature on the use of reversed items, this study shed light on the practical implications and psychometric findings.
Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research; Tests/Questionnaires
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Turkey
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: 1Educational Sciences, Trakya University