With adolescent mental health concerns on the rise, it is important that school counselors provide adequate support in the areas of academic, career, and social/emotional support. Yet, there are few scales that look at the perceptions of students around the support that their school counselors provide in these areas. This study sought to validate…

Previous research has investigated the nature of imagination as a construct related to multiple forms of higher-order cognition. Despite the emergence of various conceptualizations of imagination, few attempts have been made to explore the structure of imagination as a trait in the context of existing hierarchically-nested personality dimensions.…

This study reports on the quantitative findings of an exploratory sequential mixed methods study in which the underlying factor structure of students' peer-feedback orientation (i.e. openness to provide and receive peer-feedback) was investigated. Building on the qualitative findings of a previous study in which the 'peer-feedback orientation'…

Multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) allows researchers to model latent factor structures at multiple levels simultaneously by decomposing within- and between-group variation. Yet the extent to which the sampling ratio (i.e., proportion of cases sampled from each group) influences the results of MSEM models remains unknown. This article…

The aim of this study is to examine how the practice of different item removal strategies during exploratory factor analysis (EFA) phase of scale development change the number of factors, factor loadings, explained variance ratio, and reliability values (a and ?) explained. In the study, data obtained from 379 university students were used for the…

Parenting style was a set of parental attitude and behavior communicated by parents to children, forming an emotional climate condition used by parents to raise children. The study on parenting style had been conducted for a long time, but measurement of parenting style in Indonesia was still experiencing problem due to lack of sufficient and…

It is necessary to supply proof regarding the construct validity of the scales. Especially, when new scales are developed the construct validity is researched by the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Generally, factor extraction is performed via the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which is not exactly factor analysis and the Principal Axis…

The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a widely used measure of emotion dysregulation. However, limited research has examined its factor structure and measurement invariance in cross-national samples. The present study tested competing measurement models and the measurement invariance of the DERS in university student samples from…

Reliability indicates the internal consistency of a test. In educational studies, reliability is a key feature for a test. Researchers have proposed many traditional reliability estimates, such as coefficient alpha and coefficient omega. However, traditional reliability indices do not deal with the data hierarchy, even though the multilevel…

Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7) has been found to accurately assess the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in various populations. However, despite showing good psychometric properties in assessing GAD symptoms, there is a need to further validate GAD-7 in milieu of the pandemic, considering that recent…

Secondary school staff are often tasked with delivering mental health content to students, yet there has been little research on staff confidence to do so. Given the responsibility placed on staff to support student mental health, reliable and valid measures are needed to facilitate assessment of teacher confidence in the classroom and evaluation…

Parental reflective functioning refers to the ability of parents to understand their child as motivated by internal mental experiences such as thoughts and feelings. This study aimed to examine the factor structure of the Hungarian version of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) and to assess its relationships with general…

Mental health conditions are more prevalent in autistic people than non-autistic people. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is a commonly used screening tool for emotional and behavioural difficulties in autistic children and adolescents. However, few studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties…

This study aimed to validate the Learned Helplessness Questionnaire (LHQ), originally developed in Italy, for use in an American context. It examined the LHQ's factor structure, social desirability bias, the relationship between learned helplessness and mastery orientation, and demographic differences in these constructs. Data from 100 adults were…

This paper reports on the process of developing an original framework for conceptualising and measuring language learner well-being within the context of heritage language (HL) learning. Drawing on a quantitative validation study with 545 young Chinese heritage language (CHL) learners, aged 7-18, in the UK, this paper presents an empirically…