The effects of success, failure, and neutral instructional sets on the task performance of 90 retarded female adults were studied under varying conditions of self-awareness. (Author/CL)

When given a story about either mentally retarded or fast learning children displaying defense mechanistic behavior, 40 retarded students (mean CA 13 years) rated the defensive characteristics higher and liked them more than did 89 nonretarded students matched for CA or MA. (CL)

The responses of 20 trainable retarded children, 10 to 16 years of age, and 20 nonretarded 4- to 5-year-old children to social and nonsocial matching-to-sample tasks were compared during the extinction period which followed the use of social and nonsocial rewards. (Author)

Differences in the characteristics of unsuccessful (N=17) and successful (N=60) community placed clients were examined. Discriminant function analysis identified a maladaptive behavior factor and sex to be significant discriminators between the two groups. (Author)

A replication was conducted of part of J. Turnure and E. Zigler's (1964) experiment in which they assessed whether outerdirectedness was a function of failure experiences. (Author)

Twenty-seven teachers rated 196 retarded workers with respect to the frequency of maladaptive behavior and the 28 items of a language behavior rating scale with respect to the probability that a given behavior would result in termination of employment. (Author/SBH)