The present study examined the factor structure of maternal attributions regarding their caregiving experiences, measured by the Parent Attributions Questionnaire, among Asian immigrant mothers. Chinese and Korean immigrant mothers (N = 333, mean age (M[subscript age]) = 36.79 years, standard deviation (SD) = 4.79) with preschool children…

The emotional responses to achievement contexts of 149 preschool children from three cultural groups were observed. The children were Japanese (N = 32), African American (N = 63) and White American of mixed European ancestry (N = 54). The results showed that Japanese children differed from American children in expressing less shame, pride, and…

Replicates and extends to older adolescents previous findings of factorial independence between IQ and daydreaming in both gifted and average children and young adolescents. Also aims to relate to the development of moral reasoning ability research findings of a decline in guilt and fear-of-failure daydreams among children, adolescents, and…

Discusses individuals as producers of their life span developments, and examines individuals' selection of their life paths and their proneness to failure. Considers a model that explains individuals' optimization of their life course management in terms of selection of life paths and compensation for age-related losses such that potential for…

The purpose of the present studies was to test the hypothesis that students' perceptions of parental bonding may be predictive of how individuals approach achievement situations. It was hypothesized that reports of parental overprotection would be predictive of elevated fears and subsequent stress and low achievement compared to perceived parental…

This study examined the co-occurrence of depression and delinquency in early adolescents, focusing on longitudinal associations with failure expectations and manipulativeness, and on perceptions of relationships with parents, school and teachers, and peers. Data were used from 1,059 Swedish adolescents aged 13 to 15, who participated in 2 waves…

Telling children when and why listeners have or have not understood what a speaker meant is not a very effective way of advancing children's referential skills. If giving such information also modifies children's speaking and/or listening behavior, it is very effective. If the same modifications are produced by other means, consequences are…

Describes how three-year-olds regulate their effort during competition and compares their facial expressions after failure and success, demonstrating the operation of a display rule in competition. Explores the cross-situational stability of subjects' regulation of behavior, as well as the relationship between factors influencing mother-child…

Assessed Indian children's perception of control in the cognitive, social, and physical domains of school functioning by using the multidimensional measure of children's perception of control. Data analyses indicated a significant developmental difference in children's perception of the source of control, and this varied with their success or…

Based on longitudinal study of adolescents (ages 12 to 16), investigated the input of school experiences on central aspects of personality formation. Results show a weak relationship between the school's evaluative system and the pupils' self-evaluation: an isomorphism did not exist. Influences on self-concept formation considered. (Author/BB)