This study examines the factors that shape calling orientations within the Indian context. Based on the narratives of 72 junior doctors and medical interns, it is found that participants identify with harbouring a calling both prior and subsequent to occupational entry. Although factors such as self-recognition of talent and sensemaking of work as…

Reviews previous theoretical approaches to understanding adolescent suicide (Durkheim's sociological theory of suicide, social learning theory, psychological theory, and family systems theory), and proposes utilization of human ecological theory. Examines factors associated with adolescent suicide at organism (individual), microsystem, mesosystem,…

This manual presents a systematic way to elicit and interpret life style. The definition of life style used is one proposed by Adler that views the life style of any individual as a singular pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting that is unique to that individual and that represents the context in which all specific manifestations have to be…

Notes that Millon's biopsychosocial model asserts that socioenvironmental factors of parental or peer rejection may shape development of avoidant behavior but does not elaborate on how family system may perpetuate its existence once disorder has evolved. Presents brief overview of avoidant behavior and strategic family therapy case study.…

Uses six types of family-of-origin frames (coping, modeling, role, definition, reversal, and loyalty frames) in understanding three common couple interactional situations: pursuing/distancing, overfunctioning/underfunctioning, and blaming/placating. Uses clinical examples to illustrate process of constructing family-of-origin frames in couples…

This paper addresses the theory and data from differing disciplines regarding the generic aspects of nonnormative crises (those unrelated to ontogeny or stage of the family life cycle) in order to increase understanding of the underlying processes involved. The first part of the paper reviews the literature on the study of family crises,…

Mental illness has far-reaching effects on other family members although family impact of mental illness has not received much attention from sociologists. Applies an illness behavior perspective to the study of family burden, reviews knowledge, and invites research by defining a number of issues, substantive and methodological, that need to be…

Depicts a sample genogram, a three-generational graphic representation of a client's family of origin. Outlines a three-part approach for use of a genogram in career counseling, suggesting possible uses. (Author/KS)

Discusses issues related to families and addictions in the context of family-related helping professions and addictions counseling. Describes family systems approach to addictions and some family-based addiction interventions. Notes research articles that have made significant contributions to families and addictions field. (Author/CM)

Causal models of adolescent substance abuse from a family systems perspective are developed using data from a large-scale family therapy efficacy grant. It is argued that the literature on families of adolescent substance abusers is scattered in its theoretical and empirical efforts, tends to not account for individual and family developmental…

Addresses adolescent suicide, the third leading cause of death among youths. Reviews depression, stress, family, and peer factors that impinge on adolescents and predispose them to suicide. Examines role of professionals in prevention efforts and outlines practice paradigm for identifying and helping suicidal adolescents. (Author/KS)

Reviews research and data on youth employment, particularly among minority groups, and discusses the roles of the school and the family. Holds that the success of future efforts to assist youth depend on (1) the commitment of resources to the disadvantaged; and (2) a multidisciplinary, multiagency approach to youth employment. (Author/GC)

Examines the extent of adolescent drug abuse and alcoholism, psychological factors that lead to drug abuse and drinking, and treatment approaches that have been used with young people. Focuses on drug-abusing family systems and the roles of the school and the community in combatting drug abuse. (Author/GC)

Attachment theory provides useful conceptual framework for understanding familial antecedents and long-term consequences of sexual abuse. Themes associated with insecure parent-child attachment (rejection, role reversal/parentification, and fear/unresolved trauma) are frequently found in dynamics of families characterized by sexual abuse, and…

This study examined the extent of variation in national certificate examinations results among all secondary pupils, schools, and Educational Authorities (EAs) in Scotland. Results showed significant differences among the 16 EAs even after controlling for the effects of pupils' family backgrounds. Socio-economic status also influenced the…