Export-only diffusion occurs when innovators do not adopt an innovation themselves, but rather promote it to others for adoption. Potential adopters do not take their cues from early adopters, but rather from diffusion professionals who make it their job to spread a practice or institution. The global spread of national-level, population control…

A nonrandomized experiment carried out in Jharkhand, India, shows how the effects of interventions designed to improve access to family-planning methods can be erroneously regarded as trivial when contraceptive use is utilized as dependent variable, ignoring women's need for contraception. Significant effects of the intervention were observed on…

Favorable client perceptions of provider's interpersonal behavior in contraceptive delivery, documented in clinic exit questionnaires, appear to contradict results from qualitative evaluations and are attributed to clients' courtesy bias. In this study, trained simulated clients requested services from Ministry of Health providers in three…

The geographical area of this study is West Bengal--a constituent state (province) of India. The state government policy aims at administrative decentralization through Panchayats (or Village Councils) in rural areas. It is a 3-tier system, comprising a Gram Panchayat in every village, Panchayat Samity (block level), and Zilla Parishad (district…

The author shows a number of studies relating literacy and family planning. (MR)

Research indicates an interest in family planning materials among new literates. (Author/EB)

The author pleads the cause of promoting literacy among women, and suggests fresh approaches and new strategies for strengthening the economic and productive role of women and effectively linking it with the educational effort. There is need for action in the economic and social emancipation of women in India. (CT)

Lowering fertility will require both a reduction in desired family size and provision of family planning services that respond to clients' needs. The World Fertility Survey and the Contraceptive Prevalence Survey found sizable groups of women with an "unmet need" for contraception. Investigators have also found evidence of unanswered…

A study of women in a rural Indian state revealed that literate women (numbering 100) as compared to their illiterate counterparts (numbering 100) had more knowledge of the concepts and methods of family planning and had more favorable attitudes towards and a higher use rate of such methods. (MS)

Article describes an Indian Federal Government program which is attempting to aid the people in population control. (MM)

Describes a program intended to assist family-planning workers in Indai overcome their reluctance to use "dirty words when teaching illiterate villagers contraceptive techniques. Project supported by Health and Family Planning Division of the USAID, New Delhi, India. (LS)

Proposes the development of an adult education literacy and family planning pilot project in India, which has a total population of more than 600 million. (ABM)

The world has a population of 6 billion. India alone has a population of 1 billion. This is despite the fact that India was the first country in the world to have a population policy. It is important to understand the factors that led to this population explosion and the complex links between population growth rates and levels of development.…