This article presents an emergent conceptual model of childhood adultification and economic disadvantage derived from 5 longitudinal ethnographies of children and adolescents growing up in low-income families. Childhood adultification involves contextual, social, and developmental processes in which youth are prematurely, and often…

Most parents have two goals that seem at odds: (1) getting their teens to behave in the right way, and (2) continuing a good relationship with their teen. To maintain a good relationship, while also continuing some control, steps need to be followed that lead to expanding independence for teens. The steps can build teens' self confidence and…

This study defines child advocacy and considers what it can and should become. The contents of the study are divided into the following chapters: Background of Child Advocacy; National Picture; Proposed Focus for Child Advocacy; Advocacy in Action; Program Variables and Search for Results; Overview and Recommendations. The project, supported by a…