Background: Natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies offer significant advantages, such as facilitating the delivery of reflective feedback in collaborative learning environments while minimising technical constraints for educators related to time and location. Recently, scholars' interest in reflective feedback has…

The quality of writing instruction is the primary determinant of writing acquisition. Revising and feedback are crucial aspects of the writing process. In this study, genre-specific strategy instruction was used as part of feedback and revision to develop the text structure and content of different text types in fourth grade. The study also…

We examined the effects of a text-based argument writing intervention, "Triple Q," on argument writing skills in a cluster-randomized trial where groups of middle schools were assigned to conditions within school-level SES blocks. The intervention comprised three 15-day units. Students read and discussed argument texts representing…

The introduction of formative assessment to improve students' self-assessment skills was one of the main innovations in Kazakhstan. However, there are issues with the implementation of formative assessment and its introduction. This study aims to examine the impact of the author's formative assessment techniques on students' self-evaluations. One…

Background: It is widely recommended for teachers to provide positive feedback to foster the development and maintenance of children's motivation and perseverance. However, not all positive feedback has positive consequences and an important differentiation can be made between positive person-oriented feedback (i.e. 'you are very talented') and…

Knowledge development, application, and refinement are essential parts of students' reading. One way to observe how students use their knowledge as they read is through talk. Studies routinely indicate that though reading is a social endeavor, teachers spend most of the allotted instructional time talking or using discourse patterns that do not…

The aim of this study was to describe the design process of an educational board game, the Planet-Dart. This board game design is based on the science curriculum and aims to enhance middle school students' basic concepts about solar system. The purpose of developing this educational game was to provide an entertaining way for learning science. A…

The prevalence of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is increasing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and around the world. In school, students with ASD face academic challenges, specifically in reading. Targeted evidence-based practices (EBPs) are needed to support reading development for students with ASD. To date, limited research…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cognitive appraisal styles (i.e., threat vs. challenge) and feedback types on feedback acceptance and motivation for challenge. We used four feedback types based on valence (positive vs. negative) and orientation (person vs. task). Sixth-graders completed the cognitive appraisal style…

This study examined the reciprocal dynamics of teacher autonomy support with student motivation and engagement during late elementary and early middle school. A total of 861 students in grades 5-7 reported on three components of teacher autonomy support (choice, relevance, and respect), as well as their own engagement and self-system processes…

The Good Behavior Game (GBG) is an effective procedure for reducing disruptive classroom behavior. Students in three fifth-grade classes selected the rules of the GBG and then experienced the GBG with different forms of feedback for rule violations (vocal and visual, vocal only, visual only, no feedback). Following an initial baseline, the four…

Providing academic feedback is strongly related to student achievement, yet there is little observational research examining the feedback provided by elementary classroom teachers. Informed by Hattie and Timperley's model of feedback, we conducted an observation study examining the type and direction of feedback provided in 33 teachers'…

This study examined whether an artificial intelligence-based automatic speech recognition system can accurately assess students' reading fluency and reading level. Participants were 120 fourth-grade students attending public schools in Türkiye. Students read a grade-level text out loud while their voice was recorded. Two experts and the artificial…

This study explores peer feedback in a combined fifth and sixth-grade classroom. Drawing on Hattie and Timperley's (2007) model for feedback, we analyzed 334 peer feedback comments gathered during six mathematics lessons. Our analysis revealed evidence of peer feedback being beneficial to the students who provide it as well as those who receive…

A jurisdiction-wide zero-stakes Foundational Skills Assessment administered in grade 4 in British Columbia, Canada, used a three-point scale to publicly disseminate aggregate school/district-level results, and a five-point scale to convey results to students/parents. For a variety of long-term outcomes, a regression discontinuity analysis shows a…