Assessed 40 women's responses to young infants' cries. Mothers and nonmothers were similar in basic features of caregiving behaviors. Although the sound of infant cries may inform caregivers about distress level, caregiving behaviors appear to be determined by additional factors. (RH)

Study suggests that the effects of father absence on daughters appear during adolescence and are manifested mainly as an inability to interact appropriately with males, rather than in other deviations from appropriate sex typing or in interactions with females. (Author/CB)

Videotapes of two 17-month old children -- each child sometimes described as a boy and sometimes as a girl -- were shown to 85 adult middle-class subjects, who rated attributes of the children on questionnaires containing sex role items. (Authors/RY)

Describes an investigation of social sensitivity in which 48 female preschoolers viewed eight filmed episodes of interpersonal behavior containing either congruous or incongruous stimulus features. Results are discussed mainly in terms of mental age differences. (SDH)

A group of 75 grade-school children showed a significant sex difference in deprivation/enhancement fantasy patterns indicating that these patterns meaningfully reflect issues of gender identity. (Author/WY)

The relative weakness of sex-role labels as reinforcers, and the disappearance of differential effectiveness of male and female labels at the fourth-grade level would appear to be congruent with Kohlberg's (1966) cognitively based theory of sex-role acquisition. (Authors)