Women, especially African American women, have traditionally been in low-paying careers. This exploratory study examined how career aspirations are affected by future career and family plans. Results revealed that African American undergraduate women had higher career aspirations than Caucasian undergraduate women and also planned for multiple…

Any framework used to conceptualize the career development of women and of racial and ethnic minorities must accommodate multiple influences shaping their experiences concurrently and over time. An ecological model of counseling is proposed to expand conceptualizations and interventions of counseling practice with diverse groups of individuals.

Identified nine values (achievement of financial wealth, prestige for family, prestige/status for self, self-fulfillment, balance between career and family, balance between career and leisure, balance between career and religious/civic activities, opportunity to change character of profession, and opportunity to work with others similar to self)…

Examines racial identity, African self-consciousness, and career decidedness in 212 African-American college women. Comparisons were made between senior and first-year students at a historically Black and a predominantly White university. Findings indicate that seniors at both institutions had higher levels of racial identity than did freshmen.…

The purpose of this investigation was to examine ideal and real career aspirations, parental support of career goals, and work values among a sample of young Black women. The responses of the 8th through 12th grade students demonstrated that working is viewed as a very salient part of their lives, and that their mothers act as key influences.…

Asian American undergraduates received career counseling from European American female counselors using either a collectivist or an individualist orientation. Counselors using the collectivist approach were perceived as more cross-culturally competent but equally credible as counselors using the individualist approach. Implications for culturally…