Late in the 19th century, American communities were in a state of flux. As northern abolitionists fought against slavery, relationships among diverse members of society rapidly changed, forcing historical figures to adopt new leadership strategies. Like communities of the pre- and post-Civil War era, modern educational contexts reveal growing…

A mixed method study using surveys and in-depth interviews was conducted with women school superintendents in four Midwestern states during the 1999-2000 school year to understand how they perceive their leadership skills, their uses of power in their positions, and how they generally talk about the job. Results of how the women perceived their…

This qualitative study investigated perceptions of resilient, transformational, successful women leaders regarding their own resiliency and leadership. The ten participants provided information during semi-structured, open-ended, audio taped interviews which were transcribed, hand coded, and then analyzed with QSR N6 software. Findings indicated…