Many welfare programs give greater benefits to unmarried individuals than to a married couple of otherwise identical income. The resulting marriage penalty discourages marriage and rewards single parenthood. Combined marriage penalties across federal and state welfare programs can reach tens of thousands of dollars per year for a given family. One…

At present there is a lack of theory that would direct curriculum research, and the National Institute of Education (NIE) could profitably direct its efforts toward the development of curriculum and instructional theories. NIE's thrust into curriculum, in addition, would be most acceptable if it were to dexterously guide curriculum development,…

The social security system in the United States is becoming increasingly unstable, as the amount of benefits paid to an ever larger number of retirees grows and the number of younger workers paying taxes to the system decreases. The problem will become especially acute in the years 2011 and after, as the members of the "baby boom"…

This report addresses current economic conditions in rural America and offers recommendations about the role the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) can play in providing rural development. The Task Force identifies issues for rural policy in the 1990's focusing on economic development. Current rural programs are described and…

This study argues for the use of public service employment (PSE) as a portion of an anti-recessionary fiscal policy package to include public works and tax cuts. Keynesian economics, deficit spending in this case, serves as the study's underpinnings. Chapter 1 reviews public service employment's current low status as an anti-recessionary measure.…

The mission of the Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) is to prevent the most serious health risks among children, adolescents, and young adults. Its goal is to prevent unintentional injuries and violence by enabling the nation's schools to address safety through coordinated school health programs. It attempts to achieve this goal…

This report contains a proposed agenda for the comprehensive study of United States science policy which the Committee on Science and Technology expects to perform during the 99th Congress. The proposed agenda was developed by the committee's Task Force on Science Policy in response to the charge to focus on the issues of maintaining America's…

The level, distribution, and characteristics of federal support to institutions of higher education are of great interest to both government and nongovernment policy makers. The National Science Foundation annually collects statistical data by survey from the 15 federal agencies that account for virtually all support for science and engineering…

Despite the persistent possibility that foreign languages and international studies may become lost in the current federal policy of fiscal restraint, the immediate public policy context for these areas is guardedly optimistic. Recent years have produced increased media attention, growing public support, and professional unity and organization.…

Funding for the formation and maintenance of 23 research laboratories and centers has, in the past, come from the USOE, administered by one of its units. Legislation is currently pending before Congress that would create a National Institute of Education and transfer some of the responsibilities, including that of funding work in the laboratories…

This analysis of legislation related to vocational education for Indian people was designed to assist vocational education planners at the local or tribal level. The analysis is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction and gives a brief background to vocational education as it relates to Indians. Chapter 2 presents an…

The Massachusetts "Day Care Consumer Profile" describes the consumers of publicly subsidized day care in the Department of Social Services' Day Care Program. The Department of Social Services which is the Title XX Agency in Massachusetts, serves over 13,000 children across the state in contracted day care programs. The…

In periods of nonrecessionary activity, United States government policymakers should subsidize retraining as they subsidize job search by way of the unemployment compensation system. The retraining subsidy to a person who is faced with a reduced demand for his services from his current job should be about the same order of magnitude as the…

Policy implications of the indirect costs of academic research were studied as part of a federally-supported project called "Studies of the Impacts of Federal Health-Related Research Expenditures upon Institutions of Higher Education." Since proposals for substantial changes in federal regulations governing reimbursements for the indirect costs of…

This report provides an overview of fiscal year 1974 federal and agency research and development activities related to adolescence and summarizes the work done by the Interagency Panel on Adolescence. The purpose of the report is to identify, with empirical authority research gaps and overlaps in currently funded projects. Cataloging and listing…