Raises a central issue in music education: whether performance is an end in itself or whether it is ancillary to something else. Discusses the traditional aesthetic education notion of musical performance and develops a new concept of the nature and values of music performance in music education. (KM)

Outlines a philosophy for music literacy for all students that emphasizes wholeness. Suggests that music educators concentrate on nonverbal knowing, integrating popular and classical culture, balancing learned literature and improvisation, and making singing a central part of the music curriculum. Maintains that artistic excellence should be a…