In an effort to better align item development to goals of assessing higher-order tasks and decision making, complex decision trees were developed to follow clinical reasoning scripts and used as models on which multiple-choice questions could be built. This approach is compatible with best-practice assessment frameworks like Evidence Centered…

Amongst important and under-researched questions are how introductory lessons can be designed for teaching initial proofs to junior high school students, and how such lessons enrich students' understanding of proofs. With a view to improving the learning situation in the classroom, in this paper we report on the various functions of introductory…

This paper describes the theoretical rationale and the practical application of a teaching strategy that helps students organize psychological knowledge according to four perspectives: psychoanalytic, behavioristic, humanistic, and cognitive. The strategy is a simple flow chart which requires students to appropriately fill in boxes with names of…

Success in using a computer in education as a problem-solving tool requires a change in the way of thinking or of approaching a problem. An algorithm, i.e., a finite step-by-step solution to a problem, can be designed around the data processing concepts of input, processing, and output to provide a basis for classifying problems. If educators…

Proposes a systematic procedure for analyzing performance problems in the library which is intended to minimize costly misjudgments and guide the manager toward remedial steps likely to resolve the problem(s). The nature of performance discrepancies, skill deficiencies, job descriptions, and personal problems is discussed. (EJS)

A survey of a range of introductory university level textbooks in the social sciences found little use of network diagrams (NDs), i.e., graphic representations of processes, organizations, systems, and mechanisms. NDs can be viewed as a text/picture hybrid medium with titles and captions serving to qualify and identify the meaning and status of…

MCAID is a relatively machine-independent technique for writing computer-aided instructional material consisting of descriptive text, multiple choice questions, and the ability to call compiled subroutines to perform extensive calculations. It was specially developed to incorporate test-authoring around complex mathematical models to explore a…

A brief discussion of the importance of management by objectives in business is followed by a do-it-yourself model incorporating the principles of P.I.E.--Planning, Intervention, Evaluation--and a list of key points to be covered in the early part of the program between the Teacher-Manager and the Student-Manager. (CMV)

Describes the use of programs written in BASIC and graphics facilities of microcomputers to make students aware of the assumptions of statistical models in linear regression and the design of experiments. Two references are cited. (CHC)

This paper presents five designs (three one-group and two two-group) which can be effectively employed to study computer-based methods in non-laboratory settings, including actual classroom implementation, where a non-treatment control design may not be feasible. These designs are sequential analysis, value-added analysis, non-equivalent dependent…

A model is described that was developed to train future learning disabilities specialists to select and execute diagnostic prescriptive strategies. A series of flowcharts depict the diagnostic-prescriptive model from point of referral, specifying steps for the process in language and readings. The sequence of tasks illustrate critical decisions…

This report discusses the use of the Science Citation Index produced by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) as a given "expert system" in the experimental study of different search levels. The inquiry has two objectives: (1) to test whether a "traditional" information system will also produce the rudiments of a…

The creation of Japan/MARC--a system employing Kanji script (Chinese characters as adopted by the Japanese)--as the online database for Japanese bibliographic records marks a significant development in the availability of the Japanese national bibliography and should give stimulus to other countries using Chinese as a predominant language.…

The general inability of instructional developers to demonstrate the effects of instructional development services toward improving college programs is discussed, and a process for program evaluation and revision is proposed. A flow chart of the general process for continuous program evaluation and revision provides examples of operational…

This paper presents a model for developing and evaluating new educational programs in a large city school district. The model described was developed and partially field tested in the Phoenix Union High School System. It is intended to be simple enough not to stifle new ideas but detailed enough to provide smooth transition from the experimental…