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Rastelli, Clara; Greco, Antonino; Finocchiaro, Chiara – Journal of Intelligence, 2020
The current theories suggest the fundamental role of semantic memory in creativity, mediating bottom-up (divergent thinking) and top-down (fluid intelligence) cognitive processes. However, the relationship between creativity, intelligence, and the organization of the semantic memory remains poorly-characterized in children. We investigated the…
Descriptors: Memory, Semantics, Correlation, Intelligence
Marcu?, Oana; Martins, Eva Costa; Sassu, Raluca; Visu-Petra, Laura – Early Child Development and Care, 2022
When children are confronted with an emotional problem, affective flexibility mobilizes their cognitive and emotional resources to optimally address it. We investigated the contribution of executive functions to cognitive and affective flexibility in preschoolers. We assessed affective flexibility in 67 preschoolers (30 girls; M[subscript months]…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Preschool Children, Executive Function, Predictor Variables
Alegre de la Rosa, Olga María; Villar Angulo, Luis Miguel – Education Sciences, 2019
This study aims to investigate whether emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBD) differ between children with cochlear implants (CIs) or hearing aids (HAs), according to multi-informant ratings. Methods: A battery of psychological measures (e.g., Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA),…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Emotional Disturbances, Hearing Impairments, Assistive Technology
van Schijndel, Tessa J. P.; Jansen, Brenda R. J.; Raijmakers, Maartje E. J. – International Journal of Science Education, 2018
This study investigates how individual differences in 7- to 9-year-olds' curiosity relate to the inquiry-learning process and outcomes in environments differing in structure. The focus on curiosity as individual differences variable was motivated by the importance of curiosity in science education, and uncertainty being central to both the…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Personality Traits, Active Learning, Inquiry
McMullen, Jake; Hannula-Sormunen, Minna M.; Laakkonen, Eero; Lehtinen, Erno – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
Many people have serious difficulties in understanding rational numbers, limiting their ability to interpret and make use of them in modern daily life. This also leads to later difficulties in learning more advanced mathematical content. In this study, novel tasks are used to measure 263 late primary school students' spontaneous focusing on…
Descriptors: Numbers, Mathematical Concepts, Elementary School Students, Predictor Variables
Bosma, Tirza; Stevenson, Claire E.; Resing, Wilma C. M. – Journal of Education and Training Studies, 2017
In this paper we investigated the contribution of a dynamic testing procedure, including multiple graduated prompts protocols, in identifying differences in need for instruction of second grade children (N = 120) with arithmetic difficulties. The training was adaptive and prompts were provided according to one of six protocols, each focusing on a…
Descriptors: Prompting, Grade 2, Arithmetic, Problem Solving
D'Amico, Antonella; Cardaci, Maurizio; Di Nuovo, Santo; Naglieri, Jack A. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
Lynn (2010a, 2010b) argued that individuals from south Italy have a lower IQ than individuals from north Italy, and that these differences in IQ are at the basis of north-south gap in income, education, infant mortality, stature, and literacy. In the present paper, we discuss several theoretical and methodological aspects which we regard as flaws…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Intelligence Quotient, Foreign Countries, Cognitive Ability
Stevenson, Claire E. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2017
This study contrasted the effects of tutoring, multiple try and no feedback on children's progression in analogy solving and examined individual differences herein. Feedback that includes additional hints or explanations leads to the greatest learning gains in adults. However, children process feedback differently from adults and effective…
Descriptors: Tutoring, Feedback (Response), Children, Short Term Memory
Babayigit, Selma; Stainthorp, Rhona – Educational Psychology, 2014
This study had three main aims. First, we examined to what extent listening comprehension, vocabulary, grammatical skills and verbal short-term memory (VSTM) assessed prior to formal reading instruction explained individual differences in early reading comprehension levels. Second, we examined to what extent the three common component skills,…
Descriptors: Listening Comprehension, Vocabulary, Grammar, Short Term Memory
Strid, Karin; Heimann, Mikael; Gillberg, Christopher; Smith, Lars; Tjus, Tomas – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2013
Deferred imitation and early social communication skills were compared among speaking and nonspeaking children with autism and children developing typically. Overall, the children with autism showed a lower frequency on measures of deferred imitation and social communication compared with typically developing children. Deferred imitation was…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relationship, Verbal Communication, Communication Disorders
Huang, Liqiang; Mo, Lei; Li, Ying – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
A large part of the empirical research in the field of visual attention has focused on various concrete paradigms. However, as yet, there has been no clear demonstration of whether or not these paradigms are indeed measuring the same underlying construct. We collected a very large data set (nearly 1.3 million trials) to address this question. We…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Attention, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences
Kidd, Evan – Developmental Psychology, 2012
This article reports on an individual differences study that investigated the role of implicit statistical learning in the acquisition of syntax in children. One hundred children ages 4 years 5 months through 6 years 11 months completed a test of implicit statistical learning, a test of explicit declarative learning, and standardized tests of…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Language Acquisition, Syntax, Language Patterns
Lim, Lisa; Arciuli, Joanne; Rickard Liow, Susan; Munro, Natalie – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2014
This study examined whether there are processing differences between children with Down syndrome (DS; n = 22; 7 years 8 months to 13 years 10 months) and typically developing children (TD; n = 22; 6 years 6 months to 10 years 10 months), matched for receptive vocabulary. The TD children performed better on tests of nonverbal intelligence…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Spelling, Predictor Variables, Matched Groups
Levpuscek, Melita Puklek; Zupancic, Maja; Socan, Gregor – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2013
The study examined individual factors and social factors that influence adolescent students' achievement in mathematics. The predictive model suggested direct positive effects of student intelligence, self-rated openness and parental education on achievement in mathematics, whereas direct effects of extraversion on measures of achievement were…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Adolescents, Social Influences, Individual Characteristics
Tirri, Kirsi; Pehkonen, Leila – 2000
This study explored the moral reasoning and scientific argumentation skills of 31 gifted Finnish adolescents participating in a science program at the University of Helsinki. Students were given the Defining Issues Test (DIT) to determine their level of moral reasoning and the Raven test to evaluate their scientific reasoning. The argumentation…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Academically Gifted, Adolescents, Case Studies