Doctorate-granting institutions and independent medical colleges were surveyed to gather systematic, comparative information on international scientific activities supported by the federal government, private foundations, and other sources. Data were gathered on these activities' nature and scope, the academic disciplines involved, and the world…

This report provides comparisons of U.S. and Japanese science resources and some initial evidence that Japan is expanding the human and financial resources for science while improving the environment for basic research. The data cover science and technology trends in research and development from 1975 to 1994, as well as more recent changes in…